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Structure and Membrane Targeting of the PDZD7 Harmonin Homology Domain (HHD) Associated With Hearing Loss
Usher syndrome (USH) is the leading cause of hereditary hearing–vision loss in humans. PDZ domain-containing 7 (PDZD7) has been reported to be a modifier of and contributor to USH. PDZD7 co-localizes with USH2 proteins in the inner ear hair cells and is essential for ankle-link formation and stereoc...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8083959/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33937240 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.642666 |
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author | Lin, Lin Wang, Huang Ren, Decheng Xia, Yitian He, Guang Lu, Qing |
author_facet | Lin, Lin Wang, Huang Ren, Decheng Xia, Yitian He, Guang Lu, Qing |
author_sort | Lin, Lin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Usher syndrome (USH) is the leading cause of hereditary hearing–vision loss in humans. PDZ domain-containing 7 (PDZD7) has been reported to be a modifier of and contributor to USH. PDZD7 co-localizes with USH2 proteins in the inner ear hair cells and is essential for ankle-link formation and stereocilia development. PDZD7 contains three PDZ domains and a low-complexity region between the last two PDZ domains, which has been overlooked in the previous studies. Here we characterized a well-folded harmonin homology domain (HHD) from the middle region and solved the PDZD7 HHD structure at the resolution of 1.49 Å. PDZD7 HHD adopts the same five-helix fold as other HHDs found in Harmonin and Whirlin; however, in PDZD7 HHD, a unique α1N helix occupies the canonical binding pocket, suggesting a distinct binding mode. Moreover, we found that the PDZD7 HHD domain can bind lipid and mediate the localization of PDZD7 to the plasma membrane in HEK293T cells. Intriguingly, a hearing-loss mutation at the N-terminal extension region of the HHD can disrupt the lipid-binding ability of PDZD7 HHD, suggesting that HHD-mediated membrane targeting is required for the hearing process. This structural and biochemical characterization of the PDZD7 HHD region provides mechanistic explanations for human deafness-causing mutations in PDZD7. Furthermore, this structure will also facilitate biochemical and functional studies of other HHDs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8083959 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80839592021-04-30 Structure and Membrane Targeting of the PDZD7 Harmonin Homology Domain (HHD) Associated With Hearing Loss Lin, Lin Wang, Huang Ren, Decheng Xia, Yitian He, Guang Lu, Qing Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology Usher syndrome (USH) is the leading cause of hereditary hearing–vision loss in humans. PDZ domain-containing 7 (PDZD7) has been reported to be a modifier of and contributor to USH. PDZD7 co-localizes with USH2 proteins in the inner ear hair cells and is essential for ankle-link formation and stereocilia development. PDZD7 contains three PDZ domains and a low-complexity region between the last two PDZ domains, which has been overlooked in the previous studies. Here we characterized a well-folded harmonin homology domain (HHD) from the middle region and solved the PDZD7 HHD structure at the resolution of 1.49 Å. PDZD7 HHD adopts the same five-helix fold as other HHDs found in Harmonin and Whirlin; however, in PDZD7 HHD, a unique α1N helix occupies the canonical binding pocket, suggesting a distinct binding mode. Moreover, we found that the PDZD7 HHD domain can bind lipid and mediate the localization of PDZD7 to the plasma membrane in HEK293T cells. Intriguingly, a hearing-loss mutation at the N-terminal extension region of the HHD can disrupt the lipid-binding ability of PDZD7 HHD, suggesting that HHD-mediated membrane targeting is required for the hearing process. This structural and biochemical characterization of the PDZD7 HHD region provides mechanistic explanations for human deafness-causing mutations in PDZD7. Furthermore, this structure will also facilitate biochemical and functional studies of other HHDs. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8083959/ /pubmed/33937240 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.642666 Text en Copyright © 2021 Lin, Wang, Ren, Xia, He and Lu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cell and Developmental Biology Lin, Lin Wang, Huang Ren, Decheng Xia, Yitian He, Guang Lu, Qing Structure and Membrane Targeting of the PDZD7 Harmonin Homology Domain (HHD) Associated With Hearing Loss |
title | Structure and Membrane Targeting of the PDZD7 Harmonin Homology Domain (HHD) Associated With Hearing Loss |
title_full | Structure and Membrane Targeting of the PDZD7 Harmonin Homology Domain (HHD) Associated With Hearing Loss |
title_fullStr | Structure and Membrane Targeting of the PDZD7 Harmonin Homology Domain (HHD) Associated With Hearing Loss |
title_full_unstemmed | Structure and Membrane Targeting of the PDZD7 Harmonin Homology Domain (HHD) Associated With Hearing Loss |
title_short | Structure and Membrane Targeting of the PDZD7 Harmonin Homology Domain (HHD) Associated With Hearing Loss |
title_sort | structure and membrane targeting of the pdzd7 harmonin homology domain (hhd) associated with hearing loss |
topic | Cell and Developmental Biology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8083959/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33937240 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.642666 |
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