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Dark Rearing Promotes the Recovery of Visual Cortical Responses but Not the Morphology of Geniculocortical Axons in Amblyopic Cat

Monocular deprivation (MD) of vision during early postnatal life induces amblyopia, and most neurons in the primary visual cortex lose their responses to the closed eye. Anatomically, the somata of neurons in the closed-eye recipient layer of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) shrink and their axo...

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Autores principales: Gotou, Takahiro, Kameyama, Katsuro, Kobayashi, Ayane, Okamura, Kayoko, Ando, Takahiko, Terata, Keiko, Yamada, Chihiro, Ohta, Hiroyuki, Morizane, Ayaka, Hata, Yoshio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8085520/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33935657
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2021.637638
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author Gotou, Takahiro
Kameyama, Katsuro
Kobayashi, Ayane
Okamura, Kayoko
Ando, Takahiko
Terata, Keiko
Yamada, Chihiro
Ohta, Hiroyuki
Morizane, Ayaka
Hata, Yoshio
author_facet Gotou, Takahiro
Kameyama, Katsuro
Kobayashi, Ayane
Okamura, Kayoko
Ando, Takahiko
Terata, Keiko
Yamada, Chihiro
Ohta, Hiroyuki
Morizane, Ayaka
Hata, Yoshio
author_sort Gotou, Takahiro
collection PubMed
description Monocular deprivation (MD) of vision during early postnatal life induces amblyopia, and most neurons in the primary visual cortex lose their responses to the closed eye. Anatomically, the somata of neurons in the closed-eye recipient layer of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) shrink and their axons projecting to the visual cortex retract. Although it has been difficult to restore visual acuity after maturation, recent studies in rodents and cats showed that a period of exposure to complete darkness could promote recovery from amblyopia induced by prior MD. However, in cats, which have an organization of central visual pathways similar to humans, the effect of dark rearing only improves monocular vision and does not restore binocular depth perception. To determine whether dark rearing can completely restore the visual pathway, we examined its effect on the three major concomitants of MD in individual visual neurons, eye preference of visual cortical neurons and soma size and axon morphology of LGN neurons. Dark rearing improved the recovery of visual cortical responses to the closed eye compared with the recovery under binocular conditions. However, geniculocortical axons serving the closed eye remained retracted after dark rearing, whereas reopening the closed eye restored the soma size of LGN neurons. These results indicate that dark rearing incompletely restores the visual pathway, and thus exerts a limited restorative effect on visual function.
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spelling pubmed-80855202021-05-01 Dark Rearing Promotes the Recovery of Visual Cortical Responses but Not the Morphology of Geniculocortical Axons in Amblyopic Cat Gotou, Takahiro Kameyama, Katsuro Kobayashi, Ayane Okamura, Kayoko Ando, Takahiko Terata, Keiko Yamada, Chihiro Ohta, Hiroyuki Morizane, Ayaka Hata, Yoshio Front Neural Circuits Neuroscience Monocular deprivation (MD) of vision during early postnatal life induces amblyopia, and most neurons in the primary visual cortex lose their responses to the closed eye. Anatomically, the somata of neurons in the closed-eye recipient layer of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) shrink and their axons projecting to the visual cortex retract. Although it has been difficult to restore visual acuity after maturation, recent studies in rodents and cats showed that a period of exposure to complete darkness could promote recovery from amblyopia induced by prior MD. However, in cats, which have an organization of central visual pathways similar to humans, the effect of dark rearing only improves monocular vision and does not restore binocular depth perception. To determine whether dark rearing can completely restore the visual pathway, we examined its effect on the three major concomitants of MD in individual visual neurons, eye preference of visual cortical neurons and soma size and axon morphology of LGN neurons. Dark rearing improved the recovery of visual cortical responses to the closed eye compared with the recovery under binocular conditions. However, geniculocortical axons serving the closed eye remained retracted after dark rearing, whereas reopening the closed eye restored the soma size of LGN neurons. These results indicate that dark rearing incompletely restores the visual pathway, and thus exerts a limited restorative effect on visual function. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8085520/ /pubmed/33935657 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2021.637638 Text en Copyright © 2021 Gotou, Kameyama, Kobayashi, Okamura, Ando, Terata, Yamada, Ohta, Morizane and Hata. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Gotou, Takahiro
Kameyama, Katsuro
Kobayashi, Ayane
Okamura, Kayoko
Ando, Takahiko
Terata, Keiko
Yamada, Chihiro
Ohta, Hiroyuki
Morizane, Ayaka
Hata, Yoshio
Dark Rearing Promotes the Recovery of Visual Cortical Responses but Not the Morphology of Geniculocortical Axons in Amblyopic Cat
title Dark Rearing Promotes the Recovery of Visual Cortical Responses but Not the Morphology of Geniculocortical Axons in Amblyopic Cat
title_full Dark Rearing Promotes the Recovery of Visual Cortical Responses but Not the Morphology of Geniculocortical Axons in Amblyopic Cat
title_fullStr Dark Rearing Promotes the Recovery of Visual Cortical Responses but Not the Morphology of Geniculocortical Axons in Amblyopic Cat
title_full_unstemmed Dark Rearing Promotes the Recovery of Visual Cortical Responses but Not the Morphology of Geniculocortical Axons in Amblyopic Cat
title_short Dark Rearing Promotes the Recovery of Visual Cortical Responses but Not the Morphology of Geniculocortical Axons in Amblyopic Cat
title_sort dark rearing promotes the recovery of visual cortical responses but not the morphology of geniculocortical axons in amblyopic cat
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8085520/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33935657
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2021.637638
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