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Sex and APOE genotype differences related to statin use in the aging population
BACKGROUND: Significant evidence suggests that the cholesterol‐lowering statins can affect cognitive function and reduce the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia. These potential effects may be constrained by specific combinations of an individual's sex and apolipoprotein E (APOE...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8088592/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33969178 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/trc2.12156 |
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author | Dagliati, Arianna Peek, Niels Brinton, Roberta Diaz Geifman, Nophar |
author_facet | Dagliati, Arianna Peek, Niels Brinton, Roberta Diaz Geifman, Nophar |
author_sort | Dagliati, Arianna |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Significant evidence suggests that the cholesterol‐lowering statins can affect cognitive function and reduce the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia. These potential effects may be constrained by specific combinations of an individual's sex and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. METHODS: Here we examine data from 252,327 UK Biobank participants, aged 55 or over, and compare the effects of statin use in males and females. We assessed difference in statin treatments taking a matched cohort approach, and identified key stratifiers using regression models and conditional inference trees. Using statistical modeling, we further evaluated the effect of statins on survival, cognitive decline over time, and on AD prevalence. RESULTS: We identified that in the selected population, males were older, had a higher level of education, better cognitive scores, higher incidence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, and a higher rate of statin use. We observed that males and those participants with an APOE ε4–positive genotype had higher probabilities of being treated with statins; while participants with an AD diagnosis had slightly lower probabilities. We found that use of statins was not significantly associated with overall higher rates of survival. However, when considering the interaction of statin use with sex, the results suggest higher survival rates in males treated with statins. Finally, examination of cognitive function indicates a potential beneficial effect of statins that is selective for APOE ε4–positive genotypes. DISCUSSION: Our evaluation of the aging population in a large cohort from the UK Biobank confirms sex and APOE genotype as fundamental risk stratifiers for AD and cognitive function, furthermore it extends them to the specific area of statin use, clarifying their specific interactions with treatments. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8088592 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80885922021-05-07 Sex and APOE genotype differences related to statin use in the aging population Dagliati, Arianna Peek, Niels Brinton, Roberta Diaz Geifman, Nophar Alzheimers Dement (N Y) Research Articles BACKGROUND: Significant evidence suggests that the cholesterol‐lowering statins can affect cognitive function and reduce the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia. These potential effects may be constrained by specific combinations of an individual's sex and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. METHODS: Here we examine data from 252,327 UK Biobank participants, aged 55 or over, and compare the effects of statin use in males and females. We assessed difference in statin treatments taking a matched cohort approach, and identified key stratifiers using regression models and conditional inference trees. Using statistical modeling, we further evaluated the effect of statins on survival, cognitive decline over time, and on AD prevalence. RESULTS: We identified that in the selected population, males were older, had a higher level of education, better cognitive scores, higher incidence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, and a higher rate of statin use. We observed that males and those participants with an APOE ε4–positive genotype had higher probabilities of being treated with statins; while participants with an AD diagnosis had slightly lower probabilities. We found that use of statins was not significantly associated with overall higher rates of survival. However, when considering the interaction of statin use with sex, the results suggest higher survival rates in males treated with statins. Finally, examination of cognitive function indicates a potential beneficial effect of statins that is selective for APOE ε4–positive genotypes. DISCUSSION: Our evaluation of the aging population in a large cohort from the UK Biobank confirms sex and APOE genotype as fundamental risk stratifiers for AD and cognitive function, furthermore it extends them to the specific area of statin use, clarifying their specific interactions with treatments. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021-05-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8088592/ /pubmed/33969178 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/trc2.12156 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Dagliati, Arianna Peek, Niels Brinton, Roberta Diaz Geifman, Nophar Sex and APOE genotype differences related to statin use in the aging population |
title | Sex and APOE genotype differences related to statin use in the aging population |
title_full | Sex and APOE genotype differences related to statin use in the aging population |
title_fullStr | Sex and APOE genotype differences related to statin use in the aging population |
title_full_unstemmed | Sex and APOE genotype differences related to statin use in the aging population |
title_short | Sex and APOE genotype differences related to statin use in the aging population |
title_sort | sex and apoe genotype differences related to statin use in the aging population |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8088592/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33969178 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/trc2.12156 |
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