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Racial/Ethnic Differences in Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among United States Adults With and Without Diabetes
Background: Physical activity (PA) is a key lifestyle recommendation for diabetes mellitus (DM) prevention and management. The purpose of this study was to describe the patterns of leisure-time, aerobic & muscle-strengthening PAs across races/ethnicities and DM status. Methods: We included 91,38...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8089981/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.969 |
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author | Visaria, Aayush Kethidi, Nikhit Chilakapati, Rachana Shahani, Jai Modak, Anurag Shah, Megh |
author_facet | Visaria, Aayush Kethidi, Nikhit Chilakapati, Rachana Shahani, Jai Modak, Anurag Shah, Megh |
author_sort | Visaria, Aayush |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Physical activity (PA) is a key lifestyle recommendation for diabetes mellitus (DM) prevention and management. The purpose of this study was to describe the patterns of leisure-time, aerobic & muscle-strengthening PAs across races/ethnicities and DM status. Methods: We included 91,386 adults ≥18 years from the 2011–2018 National Health Interview Surveys who were able to participate in light-moderate PA. Aerobic PA was classified per 2008 guidelines as inactive (0 minutes/week [min/wk] of moderate or vigorous activity), insufficiently active (0–150 moderate-equivalent min/wk, defined as sum of moderate-level and 2*vigorous-level PA), sufficiently active (150–300 moderate-equivalent min/wk), and highly active (>300 min/wk of moderate-level PA, >150 min/wk of vigorous-level PA, or >300 moderate-equivalent min/wk). We also classified aerobic PA continuously in terms of metabolic equivalents (METs; 4 METs for moderate and 8 METs for vigorous PA). Muscle-strengthening PA was dichotomized into ≥3 times/wk (adequate) and <3 times/wk (inadequate). Race/ethnicity was categorized as non-Hispanic White (NHW), non-Hispanic Black (NHB), Asian Indian (AI), Other Asian (OA), and Hispanic/Other (H/O). We used self-reported DM-stratified multivariable logistic and linear regression to assess racial/ethnic differences in PA. All analyses accounted for the survey design and weights to obtain nationally representative estimates. Results: Among the 91,386 participants, 45,676 (53%) were male, 11,835 (10%) were ≥65 years, and 5,106 (5.2%) had DM. Asian groups had lower adequate muscle-strengthening PA than others (%[SE]: NHW, 35[0.3]%; NHB, 35[0.7]%; AI, 27[1.6]%; OA, 30[1.3]%; H/O, 34[0.8]%; p<0.0001). AIs also had a lower proportion of ‘highly active’ individuals (%[SE]: NHW, 67[0.2]%; NHB, 65[0.7]%; AI, 57[1.8]%; OA, 61[1.5]%; H/O, 67[0.8]%; p<0.0001). Non-DM AIs had mean (SE) 622 (133) lower METs than NHWs (covariate adjusted mean METs [SE]: NHW, 3,568 [305]; NHB, 3,873 [309]; AI, 2,946 [333]; OA, 3,107 [321]; H/O, 3,736 [325]; p<0.001). This difference was also present in those with DM (adjusted mean METs [SE]: NHW, 2,231 [314]; NHB, 2,231 [379]; AI, 1,366 [456]; OA, 1,847 [495]; H/O, 2,454 [401]; p=0.013). Non-DM AIs and OAs had ~30% lower odds of being at least ‘sufficiently active’ relative to NHWs (aOR [95% CI]: AI, 0.70 [0.56, 0.87]; OA, 0.72 [0.61, 0.85]). All races/ethnicities had lower odds of adequate muscle-strengthening PA compared to NHWs (aOR [95% CI]: NHB, 0.94 [0.90, 0.99]; AI, 0.68 [0.60, 0.79]; OA, 0.75 [0.68, 0.84]; H/O, 0.73 [0.69, 0.77]). These inverse associations persisted in DM-diagnosed OAs, but not AIs. Conclusion: Among those with and without DM, there exist racial/ethnic differences in strength-related and aerobic activities. Asian groups may benefit from aggressive counseling and PA interventions to both prevent and manage DM. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8089981 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80899812021-05-06 Racial/Ethnic Differences in Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among United States Adults With and Without Diabetes Visaria, Aayush Kethidi, Nikhit Chilakapati, Rachana Shahani, Jai Modak, Anurag Shah, Megh J Endocr Soc Diabetes Mellitus and Glucose Metabolism Background: Physical activity (PA) is a key lifestyle recommendation for diabetes mellitus (DM) prevention and management. The purpose of this study was to describe the patterns of leisure-time, aerobic & muscle-strengthening PAs across races/ethnicities and DM status. Methods: We included 91,386 adults ≥18 years from the 2011–2018 National Health Interview Surveys who were able to participate in light-moderate PA. Aerobic PA was classified per 2008 guidelines as inactive (0 minutes/week [min/wk] of moderate or vigorous activity), insufficiently active (0–150 moderate-equivalent min/wk, defined as sum of moderate-level and 2*vigorous-level PA), sufficiently active (150–300 moderate-equivalent min/wk), and highly active (>300 min/wk of moderate-level PA, >150 min/wk of vigorous-level PA, or >300 moderate-equivalent min/wk). We also classified aerobic PA continuously in terms of metabolic equivalents (METs; 4 METs for moderate and 8 METs for vigorous PA). Muscle-strengthening PA was dichotomized into ≥3 times/wk (adequate) and <3 times/wk (inadequate). Race/ethnicity was categorized as non-Hispanic White (NHW), non-Hispanic Black (NHB), Asian Indian (AI), Other Asian (OA), and Hispanic/Other (H/O). We used self-reported DM-stratified multivariable logistic and linear regression to assess racial/ethnic differences in PA. All analyses accounted for the survey design and weights to obtain nationally representative estimates. Results: Among the 91,386 participants, 45,676 (53%) were male, 11,835 (10%) were ≥65 years, and 5,106 (5.2%) had DM. Asian groups had lower adequate muscle-strengthening PA than others (%[SE]: NHW, 35[0.3]%; NHB, 35[0.7]%; AI, 27[1.6]%; OA, 30[1.3]%; H/O, 34[0.8]%; p<0.0001). AIs also had a lower proportion of ‘highly active’ individuals (%[SE]: NHW, 67[0.2]%; NHB, 65[0.7]%; AI, 57[1.8]%; OA, 61[1.5]%; H/O, 67[0.8]%; p<0.0001). Non-DM AIs had mean (SE) 622 (133) lower METs than NHWs (covariate adjusted mean METs [SE]: NHW, 3,568 [305]; NHB, 3,873 [309]; AI, 2,946 [333]; OA, 3,107 [321]; H/O, 3,736 [325]; p<0.001). This difference was also present in those with DM (adjusted mean METs [SE]: NHW, 2,231 [314]; NHB, 2,231 [379]; AI, 1,366 [456]; OA, 1,847 [495]; H/O, 2,454 [401]; p=0.013). Non-DM AIs and OAs had ~30% lower odds of being at least ‘sufficiently active’ relative to NHWs (aOR [95% CI]: AI, 0.70 [0.56, 0.87]; OA, 0.72 [0.61, 0.85]). All races/ethnicities had lower odds of adequate muscle-strengthening PA compared to NHWs (aOR [95% CI]: NHB, 0.94 [0.90, 0.99]; AI, 0.68 [0.60, 0.79]; OA, 0.75 [0.68, 0.84]; H/O, 0.73 [0.69, 0.77]). These inverse associations persisted in DM-diagnosed OAs, but not AIs. Conclusion: Among those with and without DM, there exist racial/ethnic differences in strength-related and aerobic activities. Asian groups may benefit from aggressive counseling and PA interventions to both prevent and manage DM. Oxford University Press 2021-05-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8089981/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.969 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) ), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Diabetes Mellitus and Glucose Metabolism Visaria, Aayush Kethidi, Nikhit Chilakapati, Rachana Shahani, Jai Modak, Anurag Shah, Megh Racial/Ethnic Differences in Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among United States Adults With and Without Diabetes |
title | Racial/Ethnic Differences in Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among United States Adults With and Without Diabetes |
title_full | Racial/Ethnic Differences in Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among United States Adults With and Without Diabetes |
title_fullStr | Racial/Ethnic Differences in Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among United States Adults With and Without Diabetes |
title_full_unstemmed | Racial/Ethnic Differences in Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among United States Adults With and Without Diabetes |
title_short | Racial/Ethnic Differences in Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among United States Adults With and Without Diabetes |
title_sort | racial/ethnic differences in leisure-time physical activity among united states adults with and without diabetes |
topic | Diabetes Mellitus and Glucose Metabolism |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8089981/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.969 |
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