An Observational Study on Glycemic Outcomes, Lifestyle and Psychosocial Health of Patients With Diabetes During Covid-19 Lockdown From Bangalore

Background and Aims: Lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic imposed many restrictions on the public. Loss of continuum of care along with improper lifestyle was expected to worsen glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to identify the effects of lockdown on their glycemic status, lifestyle changes and psychosocial health. Methods: The pre- and post-lockdown data of 110 adults with T2D who were under regular follow up was collected by direct interview during their visit to the diabetes clinic. The variables analyzed included demographic data, HbA1c, body weight, lifestyle changes, psychosocial factors and use of technology. Result: The overall physical activity had dipped significantly accounting to lockdown restrictions and fear. Dietary adherence was better with participants exhibiting increased consumption of vegetables (80.9%), fruits (42.7%), and decreased unhealthy snacking (63%). 90% of them had access to medications during lockdown. There was significant change noted in the mean HbA1c (0.9- 1.45%) and body weight (1–3.5kgs) before and after lockdown. There was a great increase in Screen time attributing to Work from home and restrictions to move out. 63.6% of them spent time with their family members. Those with prior mental stress,poor sleep and unhealthy dietary habits had worsening glycemic control as seen in those with less physical activity and an unhealthy diet. An increasing trend of utilisation of health related mobile internet technology apps were noted. Conclusion: Lockdown did cause a major change in the overall glycemic control. Measures to promote healthy lifestyle practices along with ways to reduce psychosocial stress must be implemented for better T2D management during such restricted times. Telemedicine paved a greater way and scope of continuum of Diabetes care.