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Cinnamaldehyde inhibits the growth of Phytophthora capsici through disturbing metabolic homoeostasis
BACKGROUND: Phytophthora capsici Leonian (P. capsici) can cause wilting and roots rotting on pepper and other cash crops. The new fungicide cinnamaldehyde (CA) has high activity against this pathogen. However, its potential mechanism is still unknown. METHODS: In order to gain insights into the mech...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8092109/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33987017 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11339 |
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author | Wang, Yinan Wang, Mengke Li, Min Zhao, Te Zhou, Lin |
author_facet | Wang, Yinan Wang, Mengke Li, Min Zhao, Te Zhou, Lin |
author_sort | Wang, Yinan |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Phytophthora capsici Leonian (P. capsici) can cause wilting and roots rotting on pepper and other cash crops. The new fungicide cinnamaldehyde (CA) has high activity against this pathogen. However, its potential mechanism is still unknown. METHODS: In order to gain insights into the mechanism, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics was used to analyze P. capsici treated with CA. The iTRAQ results were evaluated by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was used to speculate the biochemical pathways that the agent may act on. RESULTS: The results showed that 1502 differentially expressed proteins were identified, annotated and classified into 209 different terms (like metabolic process, cellular process, single-organism process) based on Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and nine different pathways (glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and so on) based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. This study suggested that CA disordered fatty acid metabolism, polysaccharide metabolism and leucine metabolism. Based on PRM analysis, five proteins including CAMK/CAMK1 protein kinase, glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase, 1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase, methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase subunit alpha and isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase were down-regulated in P. capsici treated with CA. Furthermore, the qRT-PCR analysis showed that the gene expression level of the interested proteins was consistent with the protein expression level, except for CAMK/CAMK1 protein kinase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase subunit alpha. CONCLUSIONS: CA destroyed the metabolic homoeostasisof P. capsici, which led to cell death. This is the first proteomic analysis of P. capsici treated with CA, which may provide an important information for exploring the mechanism of the fungicide CA against P. capsici. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8092109 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80921092021-05-12 Cinnamaldehyde inhibits the growth of Phytophthora capsici through disturbing metabolic homoeostasis Wang, Yinan Wang, Mengke Li, Min Zhao, Te Zhou, Lin PeerJ Agricultural Science BACKGROUND: Phytophthora capsici Leonian (P. capsici) can cause wilting and roots rotting on pepper and other cash crops. The new fungicide cinnamaldehyde (CA) has high activity against this pathogen. However, its potential mechanism is still unknown. METHODS: In order to gain insights into the mechanism, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics was used to analyze P. capsici treated with CA. The iTRAQ results were evaluated by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was used to speculate the biochemical pathways that the agent may act on. RESULTS: The results showed that 1502 differentially expressed proteins were identified, annotated and classified into 209 different terms (like metabolic process, cellular process, single-organism process) based on Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and nine different pathways (glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and so on) based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. This study suggested that CA disordered fatty acid metabolism, polysaccharide metabolism and leucine metabolism. Based on PRM analysis, five proteins including CAMK/CAMK1 protein kinase, glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase, 1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase, methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase subunit alpha and isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase were down-regulated in P. capsici treated with CA. Furthermore, the qRT-PCR analysis showed that the gene expression level of the interested proteins was consistent with the protein expression level, except for CAMK/CAMK1 protein kinase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase subunit alpha. CONCLUSIONS: CA destroyed the metabolic homoeostasisof P. capsici, which led to cell death. This is the first proteomic analysis of P. capsici treated with CA, which may provide an important information for exploring the mechanism of the fungicide CA against P. capsici. PeerJ Inc. 2021-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8092109/ /pubmed/33987017 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11339 Text en ©2021 Wang et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Agricultural Science Wang, Yinan Wang, Mengke Li, Min Zhao, Te Zhou, Lin Cinnamaldehyde inhibits the growth of Phytophthora capsici through disturbing metabolic homoeostasis |
title | Cinnamaldehyde inhibits the growth of Phytophthora capsici through disturbing metabolic homoeostasis |
title_full | Cinnamaldehyde inhibits the growth of Phytophthora capsici through disturbing metabolic homoeostasis |
title_fullStr | Cinnamaldehyde inhibits the growth of Phytophthora capsici through disturbing metabolic homoeostasis |
title_full_unstemmed | Cinnamaldehyde inhibits the growth of Phytophthora capsici through disturbing metabolic homoeostasis |
title_short | Cinnamaldehyde inhibits the growth of Phytophthora capsici through disturbing metabolic homoeostasis |
title_sort | cinnamaldehyde inhibits the growth of phytophthora capsici through disturbing metabolic homoeostasis |
topic | Agricultural Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8092109/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33987017 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11339 |
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