Comparison of depth of cure sonic-activated bulk-fill composite, low viscosity, and high viscosity in different thickness

CONTEXT: The polymerization quality of composite resin can be measured by measuring the cure depth. Vickers hardness ratio is an indirect method of measuring the depth of cure of the composite resin. AIMS: This study aimed to compare the effect of composite resin type and material thickness on the depth of cure of sonically activated bulk-fill composite resin (SonicFill, Kerr), low viscosity (Surefill SDR bulk-fill, Dentsply), and high viscosity (Tetric N Ceram bulk fill, Ivoclar Vivadent). SETTINGS AND DESIGN: The research is experimental laboratory. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research samples were 36 cylindrical composite resin blocks with a thickness of 2 mm and 4 mm, which were divided into six groups (n = 6) based on sonically activated bulk-fill composite resin, low viscosity, and high viscosity. All samples were put in an incubator for 24 h. The microhardness ratio was performed using a Vickers microhardness tester with a weight of 100 g for 15 s, which calculated by the formula: Vickers hardness number bottom/top. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The two-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test was used for statistical analysis (P < 0.05). RESULTS: The results of the two-way ANOVA test showed an effect of the type of composite resin on the depth of cure of the composite resin (P < 0.05); there was no effect of material thickness on the depth of cure of composite resin (P > 0.05). There was no interaction of composite resin type and material thickness to a resin composite depth (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The depth of cure of sonic-activated and high-viscosity bulk-fill composite resin was greater than low-viscosity bulk-fill composite resin.