Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Non-stoichiometric Layered Perovskites, Sm(1−x)BaCo(2)O(5+d), for IT-SOFC Cathodes

In this study, electrochemical properties of layered perovskites having non-stoichiometric compositions (Sm(1−x)BaCo(2)O(5+d), x = 0, 0. 01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15) were analyzed for the direct application of cathode materials for Intermediate Temperature-operating Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (IT-SOFC). From the Sm(1−x)BaCo(2)O(5+d) oxide systems calcined at 1,100°C for 8 h, single phase (SmBaCo(2)O(5+d), SBCO_1) was maintained only in the case of the x = 0 composition. In the compositions of x = 0.05–0.10, BaCoO(2.6) was mixed with the pattern of SBCO. In addition, in the composition of x = 0.15, it was confirmed that BaCoO(2.6) and CoO phases coexisted with SBCO. In the compositions of Sm(1−x)BaCo(2)O(5+d), the overall Area Specific Resistance (ASR) values decreased as the removal amount of Sm increased from x = 0–0.10; then, the values increased for compositions from x = 0.15. For example, the ASRs of SBCO_1, Sm(0.95)BaCo(2)O(5+d) (SBCO_0.95), Sm(0.90)BaCo(2)O(5+d) (SBCO_0.90), and Sm(0.85)BaCo(2)O(5+d) (SBCO_0.85) measured at 600°C were 0.301, 0.147, 0.119, and 0.179 Ω cm(2), respectively. In particular, SBCO_0.90 was found to have an excellent ASR property of about 0.035 Ω cm(2) at 700°C. Typical properties of the metal–insulator transition (MIT) electrical conductivity were shown in all measured compositions. The temperature at which MIT occurred increased as the non-stoichiometric composition increased.