Low Visual Acuity Due to Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy Associated with COVID-19: A Case Report

Patient: Female, 71-year-old Final Diagnosis: Acute macular neuroretinopathy Symptoms: Anosmia • loss of vision Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Ophthalmology OBJECTIVE: Rare co-existance of disease or pathology BACKGROUND: Retinal sequelae have been reported in patients who have had COVID-19. This is a case report of acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN), presenting with low visual acuity in the left eye, 14 days after the first symptoms of COVID-19 infection. CASE REPORT: A 71-year-old woman presented for ophthalmological evaluation complaining of low visual acuity in the left eye, 14 days after the first symptoms of COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 was confirmed by a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. The left eye examination showed visual acuity of 0.5 logMAR, fundoscopy showed foveal pigment mobilization, fluorescein angiography revealed a hypofluorescent fovea surrounded by irregular hyperfluorescent defects, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography showed central foveal thinning with disrupted interdigitation and ellipsoid zones. Given the clinical and imaging findings, the diagnosis of AMN was finalized. AMN usually resolves without specific treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This case report shows that patients with COVID-19 can develop retinal involvement. AMN can be due to a viral infection, including COVID-19, and usually resolves without specific treatment. In the present case, there was no improvement in the patient’s clinical condition in a 2-month follow-up to date.