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Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity

The intestinal surface is constitutively exposed to diverse antigens, such as food antigens, food-borne pathogens, and commensal microbes. Intestinal epithelial cells have developed unique barrier functions that prevent the translocation of potentially hostile antigens into the body. Disruption of t...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kinashi, Yusuke, Hase, Koji
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8100306/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33968085
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.673708
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author Kinashi, Yusuke
Hase, Koji
author_facet Kinashi, Yusuke
Hase, Koji
author_sort Kinashi, Yusuke
collection PubMed
description The intestinal surface is constitutively exposed to diverse antigens, such as food antigens, food-borne pathogens, and commensal microbes. Intestinal epithelial cells have developed unique barrier functions that prevent the translocation of potentially hostile antigens into the body. Disruption of the epithelial barrier increases intestinal permeability, resulting in leaky gut syndrome (LGS). Clinical reports have suggested that LGS contributes to autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and celiac disease. Furthermore, the gut commensal microbiota plays a critical role in regulating host immunity; abnormalities of the microbial community, known as dysbiosis, are observed in patients with autoimmune diseases. However, the pathological links among intestinal dysbiosis, LGS, and autoimmune diseases have not been fully elucidated. This review discusses the current understanding of how commensal microbiota contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases by modifying the epithelial barrier.
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spelling pubmed-81003062021-05-07 Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity Kinashi, Yusuke Hase, Koji Front Immunol Immunology The intestinal surface is constitutively exposed to diverse antigens, such as food antigens, food-borne pathogens, and commensal microbes. Intestinal epithelial cells have developed unique barrier functions that prevent the translocation of potentially hostile antigens into the body. Disruption of the epithelial barrier increases intestinal permeability, resulting in leaky gut syndrome (LGS). Clinical reports have suggested that LGS contributes to autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and celiac disease. Furthermore, the gut commensal microbiota plays a critical role in regulating host immunity; abnormalities of the microbial community, known as dysbiosis, are observed in patients with autoimmune diseases. However, the pathological links among intestinal dysbiosis, LGS, and autoimmune diseases have not been fully elucidated. This review discusses the current understanding of how commensal microbiota contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases by modifying the epithelial barrier. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8100306/ /pubmed/33968085 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.673708 Text en Copyright © 2021 Kinashi and Hase https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Kinashi, Yusuke
Hase, Koji
Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity
title Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity
title_full Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity
title_fullStr Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity
title_full_unstemmed Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity
title_short Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity
title_sort partners in leaky gut syndrome: intestinal dysbiosis and autoimmunity
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8100306/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33968085
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.673708
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