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Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity
The intestinal surface is constitutively exposed to diverse antigens, such as food antigens, food-borne pathogens, and commensal microbes. Intestinal epithelial cells have developed unique barrier functions that prevent the translocation of potentially hostile antigens into the body. Disruption of t...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8100306/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33968085 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.673708 |
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author | Kinashi, Yusuke Hase, Koji |
author_facet | Kinashi, Yusuke Hase, Koji |
author_sort | Kinashi, Yusuke |
collection | PubMed |
description | The intestinal surface is constitutively exposed to diverse antigens, such as food antigens, food-borne pathogens, and commensal microbes. Intestinal epithelial cells have developed unique barrier functions that prevent the translocation of potentially hostile antigens into the body. Disruption of the epithelial barrier increases intestinal permeability, resulting in leaky gut syndrome (LGS). Clinical reports have suggested that LGS contributes to autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and celiac disease. Furthermore, the gut commensal microbiota plays a critical role in regulating host immunity; abnormalities of the microbial community, known as dysbiosis, are observed in patients with autoimmune diseases. However, the pathological links among intestinal dysbiosis, LGS, and autoimmune diseases have not been fully elucidated. This review discusses the current understanding of how commensal microbiota contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases by modifying the epithelial barrier. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8100306 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81003062021-05-07 Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity Kinashi, Yusuke Hase, Koji Front Immunol Immunology The intestinal surface is constitutively exposed to diverse antigens, such as food antigens, food-borne pathogens, and commensal microbes. Intestinal epithelial cells have developed unique barrier functions that prevent the translocation of potentially hostile antigens into the body. Disruption of the epithelial barrier increases intestinal permeability, resulting in leaky gut syndrome (LGS). Clinical reports have suggested that LGS contributes to autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and celiac disease. Furthermore, the gut commensal microbiota plays a critical role in regulating host immunity; abnormalities of the microbial community, known as dysbiosis, are observed in patients with autoimmune diseases. However, the pathological links among intestinal dysbiosis, LGS, and autoimmune diseases have not been fully elucidated. This review discusses the current understanding of how commensal microbiota contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases by modifying the epithelial barrier. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8100306/ /pubmed/33968085 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.673708 Text en Copyright © 2021 Kinashi and Hase https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Kinashi, Yusuke Hase, Koji Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity |
title | Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity |
title_full | Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity |
title_fullStr | Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity |
title_full_unstemmed | Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity |
title_short | Partners in Leaky Gut Syndrome: Intestinal Dysbiosis and Autoimmunity |
title_sort | partners in leaky gut syndrome: intestinal dysbiosis and autoimmunity |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8100306/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33968085 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.673708 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT kinashiyusuke partnersinleakygutsyndromeintestinaldysbiosisandautoimmunity AT hasekoji partnersinleakygutsyndromeintestinaldysbiosisandautoimmunity |