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Multiple CheY Proteins Control Surface-Associated Lifestyles of Azospirillum brasilense

Bacterial chemotaxis is the directed movement of motile bacteria in gradients of chemoeffectors. This behavior is mediated by dedicated signal transduction pathways that couple environment sensing with changes in the direction of rotation of flagellar motors to ultimately affect the motility pattern...

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Autores principales: Ganusova, Elena E., Vo, Lam T., Mukherjee, Tanmoy, Alexandre, Gladys
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8100600/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33968002
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.664826
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author Ganusova, Elena E.
Vo, Lam T.
Mukherjee, Tanmoy
Alexandre, Gladys
author_facet Ganusova, Elena E.
Vo, Lam T.
Mukherjee, Tanmoy
Alexandre, Gladys
author_sort Ganusova, Elena E.
collection PubMed
description Bacterial chemotaxis is the directed movement of motile bacteria in gradients of chemoeffectors. This behavior is mediated by dedicated signal transduction pathways that couple environment sensing with changes in the direction of rotation of flagellar motors to ultimately affect the motility pattern. Azospirillum brasilense uses two distinct chemotaxis pathways, named Che1 and Che4, and four different response regulators (CheY1, CheY4, CheY6, and CheY7) to control the swimming pattern during chemotaxis. Each of the CheY homologs was shown to differentially affect the rotational bias of the polar flagellum and chemotaxis. The role, if any, of these CheY homologs in swarming, which depends on a distinct lateral flagella system or in attachment is not known. Here, we characterize CheY homologs’ roles in swimming, swarming, and attachment to abiotic and biotic (wheat roots) surfaces and biofilm formation. We show that while strains lacking CheY1 and CheY6 are still able to navigate air gradients, strains lacking CheY4 and CheY7 are chemotaxis null. Expansion of swarming colonies in the presence of gradients requires chemotaxis. The induction of swarming depends on CheY4 and CheY7, but the cells’ organization as dense clusters in productive swarms appear to depend on functional CheYs but not chemotaxis per se. Similarly, functional CheY homologs but not chemotaxis, contribute to attachment to both abiotic and root surfaces as well as to biofilm formation, although these effects are likely dependent on additional cell surface properties such as adhesiveness. Collectively, our data highlight distinct roles for multiple CheY homologs and for chemotaxis on swarming and attachment to surfaces.
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spelling pubmed-81006002021-05-07 Multiple CheY Proteins Control Surface-Associated Lifestyles of Azospirillum brasilense Ganusova, Elena E. Vo, Lam T. Mukherjee, Tanmoy Alexandre, Gladys Front Microbiol Microbiology Bacterial chemotaxis is the directed movement of motile bacteria in gradients of chemoeffectors. This behavior is mediated by dedicated signal transduction pathways that couple environment sensing with changes in the direction of rotation of flagellar motors to ultimately affect the motility pattern. Azospirillum brasilense uses two distinct chemotaxis pathways, named Che1 and Che4, and four different response regulators (CheY1, CheY4, CheY6, and CheY7) to control the swimming pattern during chemotaxis. Each of the CheY homologs was shown to differentially affect the rotational bias of the polar flagellum and chemotaxis. The role, if any, of these CheY homologs in swarming, which depends on a distinct lateral flagella system or in attachment is not known. Here, we characterize CheY homologs’ roles in swimming, swarming, and attachment to abiotic and biotic (wheat roots) surfaces and biofilm formation. We show that while strains lacking CheY1 and CheY6 are still able to navigate air gradients, strains lacking CheY4 and CheY7 are chemotaxis null. Expansion of swarming colonies in the presence of gradients requires chemotaxis. The induction of swarming depends on CheY4 and CheY7, but the cells’ organization as dense clusters in productive swarms appear to depend on functional CheYs but not chemotaxis per se. Similarly, functional CheY homologs but not chemotaxis, contribute to attachment to both abiotic and root surfaces as well as to biofilm formation, although these effects are likely dependent on additional cell surface properties such as adhesiveness. Collectively, our data highlight distinct roles for multiple CheY homologs and for chemotaxis on swarming and attachment to surfaces. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8100600/ /pubmed/33968002 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.664826 Text en Copyright © 2021 Ganusova, Vo, Mukherjee and Alexandre. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Ganusova, Elena E.
Vo, Lam T.
Mukherjee, Tanmoy
Alexandre, Gladys
Multiple CheY Proteins Control Surface-Associated Lifestyles of Azospirillum brasilense
title Multiple CheY Proteins Control Surface-Associated Lifestyles of Azospirillum brasilense
title_full Multiple CheY Proteins Control Surface-Associated Lifestyles of Azospirillum brasilense
title_fullStr Multiple CheY Proteins Control Surface-Associated Lifestyles of Azospirillum brasilense
title_full_unstemmed Multiple CheY Proteins Control Surface-Associated Lifestyles of Azospirillum brasilense
title_short Multiple CheY Proteins Control Surface-Associated Lifestyles of Azospirillum brasilense
title_sort multiple chey proteins control surface-associated lifestyles of azospirillum brasilense
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8100600/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33968002
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.664826
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