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Exercise training in dialysis patients: impact on cardiovascular and skeletal muscle health

Dialysis patients show a high rate of reduced functional capacity, morbidity and mortality. Cardiovascular disorders, muscle atrophy and malnutrition play an essential role among the aetiological factors. Sedentary lifestyle characterizes them and contributes to the aggravation of the disorders. On...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Deligiannis, Asterios, D’Alessandro, Claudia, Cupisti, Adamasco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8101623/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33981417
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfaa273
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author Deligiannis, Asterios
D’Alessandro, Claudia
Cupisti, Adamasco
author_facet Deligiannis, Asterios
D’Alessandro, Claudia
Cupisti, Adamasco
author_sort Deligiannis, Asterios
collection PubMed
description Dialysis patients show a high rate of reduced functional capacity, morbidity and mortality. Cardiovascular disorders, muscle atrophy and malnutrition play an essential role among the aetiological factors. Sedentary lifestyle characterizes them and contributes to the aggravation of the disorders. On the contrary, exercise training is an important preventive and therapeutic tool both for cardiovascular problems and for the appearance of muscle atrophy in dialysis patients. Regular exercise causes both central (cardiac) and peripheral (muscular) adaptations, improving functional capacity. In particular, circulatory system clinical trials in haemodialysis (HD) patients documented that exercise has favourable effects on heart function, promotes balance on the cardiac autonomic nervous system and contributes to the management of arterial hypertension. In the muscular system, it prevents muscle atrophy or contributes significantly to its treatment. The main preventive mechanisms of the beneficial effect of exercise on the muscles constitute the inhibition of the apoptotic processes and protein degradation. Exercise training in HD patients leads to an increase of muscle fibers, mitochondria and capillaries, and the combination of regular exercise and dietary strategies is even more effective in preventing or treating muscle atrophy. Finally, an improvement in functional capacity and quality of life was found also in peritoneal dialysis patients following exercise training.
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spelling pubmed-81016232021-05-11 Exercise training in dialysis patients: impact on cardiovascular and skeletal muscle health Deligiannis, Asterios D’Alessandro, Claudia Cupisti, Adamasco Clin Kidney J CKJ Reviews Dialysis patients show a high rate of reduced functional capacity, morbidity and mortality. Cardiovascular disorders, muscle atrophy and malnutrition play an essential role among the aetiological factors. Sedentary lifestyle characterizes them and contributes to the aggravation of the disorders. On the contrary, exercise training is an important preventive and therapeutic tool both for cardiovascular problems and for the appearance of muscle atrophy in dialysis patients. Regular exercise causes both central (cardiac) and peripheral (muscular) adaptations, improving functional capacity. In particular, circulatory system clinical trials in haemodialysis (HD) patients documented that exercise has favourable effects on heart function, promotes balance on the cardiac autonomic nervous system and contributes to the management of arterial hypertension. In the muscular system, it prevents muscle atrophy or contributes significantly to its treatment. The main preventive mechanisms of the beneficial effect of exercise on the muscles constitute the inhibition of the apoptotic processes and protein degradation. Exercise training in HD patients leads to an increase of muscle fibers, mitochondria and capillaries, and the combination of regular exercise and dietary strategies is even more effective in preventing or treating muscle atrophy. Finally, an improvement in functional capacity and quality of life was found also in peritoneal dialysis patients following exercise training. Oxford University Press 2021-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8101623/ /pubmed/33981417 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfaa273 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle CKJ Reviews
Deligiannis, Asterios
D’Alessandro, Claudia
Cupisti, Adamasco
Exercise training in dialysis patients: impact on cardiovascular and skeletal muscle health
title Exercise training in dialysis patients: impact on cardiovascular and skeletal muscle health
title_full Exercise training in dialysis patients: impact on cardiovascular and skeletal muscle health
title_fullStr Exercise training in dialysis patients: impact on cardiovascular and skeletal muscle health
title_full_unstemmed Exercise training in dialysis patients: impact on cardiovascular and skeletal muscle health
title_short Exercise training in dialysis patients: impact on cardiovascular and skeletal muscle health
title_sort exercise training in dialysis patients: impact on cardiovascular and skeletal muscle health
topic CKJ Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8101623/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33981417
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfaa273
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