Cargando…

Histoplasmosis in the Republic of Congo dominated by African histoplasmosis, Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii

The Republic of Congo (RoC) is one of the African countries with the most histoplasmosis cases reported. This review summarizes the current status regarding epidemiology, diagnostic tools, and treatment of histoplasmosis in the RoC. A computerized search was performed from online databases Medline,...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Amona, Fructueux Modeste, Denning, David W., Moukassa, Donatien, Develoux, Michel, Hennequin, Christophe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8101734/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33956817
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009318
_version_ 1783689004534726656
author Amona, Fructueux Modeste
Denning, David W.
Moukassa, Donatien
Develoux, Michel
Hennequin, Christophe
author_facet Amona, Fructueux Modeste
Denning, David W.
Moukassa, Donatien
Develoux, Michel
Hennequin, Christophe
author_sort Amona, Fructueux Modeste
collection PubMed
description The Republic of Congo (RoC) is one of the African countries with the most histoplasmosis cases reported. This review summarizes the current status regarding epidemiology, diagnostic tools, and treatment of histoplasmosis in the RoC. A computerized search was performed from online databases Medline, PubMed, HINARI, and Google Scholar to collect literature on histoplasmosis in the RoC. We found 57 cases of histoplasmosis diagnosed between 1954 and 2019, corresponding to an incidence rate of 1–3 cases each year without significant impact of the AIDS epidemic in the country. Of the 57 cases, 54 (94.7%) were cases of Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii (Hcd) infection, African histoplasmosis. Three cases (5.3%) of Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum infection were recorded, but all were acquired outside in the RoC. The patients’ ages ranged between 13 months to 60 years. An equal number of cases were observed in adults in the third or fourth decades (n = 14; 24.6%) and in children aged ≤15 years. Skin lesions (46.3%), lymph nodes (37%), and bone lesions (26%) were the most frequent clinical presentations. Most diagnoses were based on histopathology and distinctive large yeast forms seen in tissue. Amphotericin B (AmB) was first line therapy in 65% of the cases and itraconazole (25%) for maintenance therapy. The occurrence of African histoplasmosis in apparently normal children raises the possibility that African histoplasmosis is linked to environmental fungal exposure.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8101734
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-81017342021-05-17 Histoplasmosis in the Republic of Congo dominated by African histoplasmosis, Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii Amona, Fructueux Modeste Denning, David W. Moukassa, Donatien Develoux, Michel Hennequin, Christophe PLoS Negl Trop Dis Review The Republic of Congo (RoC) is one of the African countries with the most histoplasmosis cases reported. This review summarizes the current status regarding epidemiology, diagnostic tools, and treatment of histoplasmosis in the RoC. A computerized search was performed from online databases Medline, PubMed, HINARI, and Google Scholar to collect literature on histoplasmosis in the RoC. We found 57 cases of histoplasmosis diagnosed between 1954 and 2019, corresponding to an incidence rate of 1–3 cases each year without significant impact of the AIDS epidemic in the country. Of the 57 cases, 54 (94.7%) were cases of Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii (Hcd) infection, African histoplasmosis. Three cases (5.3%) of Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum infection were recorded, but all were acquired outside in the RoC. The patients’ ages ranged between 13 months to 60 years. An equal number of cases were observed in adults in the third or fourth decades (n = 14; 24.6%) and in children aged ≤15 years. Skin lesions (46.3%), lymph nodes (37%), and bone lesions (26%) were the most frequent clinical presentations. Most diagnoses were based on histopathology and distinctive large yeast forms seen in tissue. Amphotericin B (AmB) was first line therapy in 65% of the cases and itraconazole (25%) for maintenance therapy. The occurrence of African histoplasmosis in apparently normal children raises the possibility that African histoplasmosis is linked to environmental fungal exposure. Public Library of Science 2021-05-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8101734/ /pubmed/33956817 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009318 Text en © 2021 Amona et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Review
Amona, Fructueux Modeste
Denning, David W.
Moukassa, Donatien
Develoux, Michel
Hennequin, Christophe
Histoplasmosis in the Republic of Congo dominated by African histoplasmosis, Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii
title Histoplasmosis in the Republic of Congo dominated by African histoplasmosis, Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii
title_full Histoplasmosis in the Republic of Congo dominated by African histoplasmosis, Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii
title_fullStr Histoplasmosis in the Republic of Congo dominated by African histoplasmosis, Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii
title_full_unstemmed Histoplasmosis in the Republic of Congo dominated by African histoplasmosis, Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii
title_short Histoplasmosis in the Republic of Congo dominated by African histoplasmosis, Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii
title_sort histoplasmosis in the republic of congo dominated by african histoplasmosis, histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8101734/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33956817
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009318
work_keys_str_mv AT amonafructueuxmodeste histoplasmosisintherepublicofcongodominatedbyafricanhistoplasmosishistoplasmacapsulatumvarduboisii
AT denningdavidw histoplasmosisintherepublicofcongodominatedbyafricanhistoplasmosishistoplasmacapsulatumvarduboisii
AT moukassadonatien histoplasmosisintherepublicofcongodominatedbyafricanhistoplasmosishistoplasmacapsulatumvarduboisii
AT develouxmichel histoplasmosisintherepublicofcongodominatedbyafricanhistoplasmosishistoplasmacapsulatumvarduboisii
AT hennequinchristophe histoplasmosisintherepublicofcongodominatedbyafricanhistoplasmosishistoplasmacapsulatumvarduboisii