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EEG Signal Diversity Varies With Sleep Stage and Aspects of Dream Experience
Several theories link consciousness to complex cortical dynamics, as suggested by comparison of brain signal diversity between conscious states and states where consciousness is lost or reduced. In particular, Lempel-Ziv complexity, amplitude coalition entropy and synchrony coalition entropy disting...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8102678/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33967919 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.655884 |
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author | Aamodt, Arnfinn Nilsen, André Sevenius Thürer, Benjamin Moghadam, Fatemeh Hasanzadeh Kauppi, Nils Juel, Bjørn Erik Storm, Johan Frederik |
author_facet | Aamodt, Arnfinn Nilsen, André Sevenius Thürer, Benjamin Moghadam, Fatemeh Hasanzadeh Kauppi, Nils Juel, Bjørn Erik Storm, Johan Frederik |
author_sort | Aamodt, Arnfinn |
collection | PubMed |
description | Several theories link consciousness to complex cortical dynamics, as suggested by comparison of brain signal diversity between conscious states and states where consciousness is lost or reduced. In particular, Lempel-Ziv complexity, amplitude coalition entropy and synchrony coalition entropy distinguish wakefulness and REM sleep from deep sleep and anesthesia, and are elevated in psychedelic states, reported to increase the range and vividness of conscious contents. Some studies have even found correlations between complexity measures and facets of self-reported experience. As suggested by integrated information theory and the entropic brain hypothesis, measures of differentiation and signal diversity may therefore be measurable correlates of consciousness and phenomenological richness. Inspired by these ideas, we tested three hypotheses about EEG signal diversity related to sleep and dreaming. First, diversity should decrease with successively deeper stages of non-REM sleep. Second, signal diversity within the same sleep stage should be higher for periods of dreaming vs. non-dreaming. Third, specific aspects of dream contents should correlate with signal diversity in corresponding cortical regions. We employed a repeated awakening paradigm in sleep deprived healthy volunteers, with immediate dream report and rating of dream content along a thought-perceptual axis, from exclusively thought-like to exclusively perceptual. Generalized linear mixed models were used to assess how signal diversity varied with sleep stage, dreaming and thought-perceptual rating. Signal diversity decreased with sleep depth, but was not significantly different between dreaming and non-dreaming, even though there was a significant positive correlation between Lempel-Ziv complexity of EEG recorded over the posterior cortex and thought-perceptual ratings of dream contents. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8102678 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81026782021-05-08 EEG Signal Diversity Varies With Sleep Stage and Aspects of Dream Experience Aamodt, Arnfinn Nilsen, André Sevenius Thürer, Benjamin Moghadam, Fatemeh Hasanzadeh Kauppi, Nils Juel, Bjørn Erik Storm, Johan Frederik Front Psychol Psychology Several theories link consciousness to complex cortical dynamics, as suggested by comparison of brain signal diversity between conscious states and states where consciousness is lost or reduced. In particular, Lempel-Ziv complexity, amplitude coalition entropy and synchrony coalition entropy distinguish wakefulness and REM sleep from deep sleep and anesthesia, and are elevated in psychedelic states, reported to increase the range and vividness of conscious contents. Some studies have even found correlations between complexity measures and facets of self-reported experience. As suggested by integrated information theory and the entropic brain hypothesis, measures of differentiation and signal diversity may therefore be measurable correlates of consciousness and phenomenological richness. Inspired by these ideas, we tested three hypotheses about EEG signal diversity related to sleep and dreaming. First, diversity should decrease with successively deeper stages of non-REM sleep. Second, signal diversity within the same sleep stage should be higher for periods of dreaming vs. non-dreaming. Third, specific aspects of dream contents should correlate with signal diversity in corresponding cortical regions. We employed a repeated awakening paradigm in sleep deprived healthy volunteers, with immediate dream report and rating of dream content along a thought-perceptual axis, from exclusively thought-like to exclusively perceptual. Generalized linear mixed models were used to assess how signal diversity varied with sleep stage, dreaming and thought-perceptual rating. Signal diversity decreased with sleep depth, but was not significantly different between dreaming and non-dreaming, even though there was a significant positive correlation between Lempel-Ziv complexity of EEG recorded over the posterior cortex and thought-perceptual ratings of dream contents. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8102678/ /pubmed/33967919 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.655884 Text en Copyright © 2021 Aamodt, Nilsen, Thürer, Moghadam, Kauppi, Juel and Storm. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Aamodt, Arnfinn Nilsen, André Sevenius Thürer, Benjamin Moghadam, Fatemeh Hasanzadeh Kauppi, Nils Juel, Bjørn Erik Storm, Johan Frederik EEG Signal Diversity Varies With Sleep Stage and Aspects of Dream Experience |
title | EEG Signal Diversity Varies With Sleep Stage and Aspects of Dream Experience |
title_full | EEG Signal Diversity Varies With Sleep Stage and Aspects of Dream Experience |
title_fullStr | EEG Signal Diversity Varies With Sleep Stage and Aspects of Dream Experience |
title_full_unstemmed | EEG Signal Diversity Varies With Sleep Stage and Aspects of Dream Experience |
title_short | EEG Signal Diversity Varies With Sleep Stage and Aspects of Dream Experience |
title_sort | eeg signal diversity varies with sleep stage and aspects of dream experience |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8102678/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33967919 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.655884 |
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