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Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients

Periodontitis is characterized by subgingival biofilm dysbiosis, inflammation and tissue destruction. Current treatment involves mechanical biofilm disruption known as non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). This study sought to characterise the impact of treatment on microbial diversity and overal...

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Autores principales: Johnston, W., Rosier, B. T., Artacho, A., Paterson, M., Piela, K., Delaney, C., Brown, J. L., Ramage, G., Mira, A., Culshaw, S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8105330/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33963212
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89002-z
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author Johnston, W.
Rosier, B. T.
Artacho, A.
Paterson, M.
Piela, K.
Delaney, C.
Brown, J. L.
Ramage, G.
Mira, A.
Culshaw, S.
author_facet Johnston, W.
Rosier, B. T.
Artacho, A.
Paterson, M.
Piela, K.
Delaney, C.
Brown, J. L.
Ramage, G.
Mira, A.
Culshaw, S.
author_sort Johnston, W.
collection PubMed
description Periodontitis is characterized by subgingival biofilm dysbiosis, inflammation and tissue destruction. Current treatment involves mechanical biofilm disruption known as non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). This study sought to characterise the impact of treatment on microbial diversity and overall community, and the parallel impact on host inflammation in the oral cavity. Fourty-two periodontitis patients were included in this study, with periodontal clinical parameters, subgingival plaque and saliva samples collected at baseline and 90 days after treatment. Salivary cytokines were quantified, and subgingival plaque was analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing. After treatment, there were marked health-associated alterations in microbial composition and diversity, including differential abundance of 42 genera and 61 species. These changes were accompanied by substantial clinical improvement (pockets ≥ 5 mm, 27.50% to 9.00%, p < 0.001) and a decrease in salivary IL-1β (p < 0.001)—a putative marker of periodontal inflammation. Despite significant reductions in disease associated anaerobes, several genera (Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Tanenerella, Treponema) remained present and formed a distinct subnetwork associated with residual disease. Collectively, this study shows that current periodontal treatment results in partial restoration of a healthy microbial ecosystem, but features of biofilm dysbiosis and host inflammation remain in some patients, which were surprisingly independent of clinical response.
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spelling pubmed-81053302021-05-10 Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients Johnston, W. Rosier, B. T. Artacho, A. Paterson, M. Piela, K. Delaney, C. Brown, J. L. Ramage, G. Mira, A. Culshaw, S. Sci Rep Article Periodontitis is characterized by subgingival biofilm dysbiosis, inflammation and tissue destruction. Current treatment involves mechanical biofilm disruption known as non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). This study sought to characterise the impact of treatment on microbial diversity and overall community, and the parallel impact on host inflammation in the oral cavity. Fourty-two periodontitis patients were included in this study, with periodontal clinical parameters, subgingival plaque and saliva samples collected at baseline and 90 days after treatment. Salivary cytokines were quantified, and subgingival plaque was analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing. After treatment, there were marked health-associated alterations in microbial composition and diversity, including differential abundance of 42 genera and 61 species. These changes were accompanied by substantial clinical improvement (pockets ≥ 5 mm, 27.50% to 9.00%, p < 0.001) and a decrease in salivary IL-1β (p < 0.001)—a putative marker of periodontal inflammation. Despite significant reductions in disease associated anaerobes, several genera (Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Tanenerella, Treponema) remained present and formed a distinct subnetwork associated with residual disease. Collectively, this study shows that current periodontal treatment results in partial restoration of a healthy microbial ecosystem, but features of biofilm dysbiosis and host inflammation remain in some patients, which were surprisingly independent of clinical response. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-05-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8105330/ /pubmed/33963212 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89002-z Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Johnston, W.
Rosier, B. T.
Artacho, A.
Paterson, M.
Piela, K.
Delaney, C.
Brown, J. L.
Ramage, G.
Mira, A.
Culshaw, S.
Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients
title Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients
title_full Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients
title_fullStr Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients
title_full_unstemmed Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients
title_short Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients
title_sort mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8105330/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33963212
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89002-z
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