Ossiculoplasties: à propos de 30 cas et revue de la littérature

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional outcomes of ossiculoplasties. We conducted a retrospective study, in the department of ear, nose and throat (ENT) and congestive cardiac failure (CCF) at the University Hospital Mohammed VI, in Oujda, from October 2018 to March 2020. Out of 45 patients with secondary otitis, 30 had gone ossiculoplasty using endoscopic transmeatal approach. These patients were enrolled in the study. The average age of patients was 31.8 years, with a F/M sex ratio of 1.5. The examination of the eardrum showed type A otitis (18 cases) type B otitis (5 cases), type C otitis (3 cases) and type D otitis (4 cases), according to Austin classification; 70% of patients who had undergone surgery had hearing loss between 30 and 40 dB and 30% of patients had hearing loss of ≥40 dB. Type II ossiculoplasty was performed in 26 cases, using tragal cartilage in 18 cases. Autologous incus interposition graft and placement of titanium PORP were performed in 4 cases each, whereas ossiculoplasty type III was performed in 4 cases, with placement of titanium TORP. Type II ossiculoplasty group had a hearing gain of ≥20 dB (all cases), whereas type III ossiculoplasty group had a hearing gain of ≥1 dB (1 case). Success rate was 90%. The analysis of these results shows that the overall outcome is slightly worse in patients undergoing type III ossiculoplasty than in those undergoing type II ossiculoplasty. However, comparative studies between the placement of prostheses and autografts or between different types of materials have only shown minor differences reported by the same author or the same team. Many authors highlighted that the preservation of the handle of malleus could provide better functional results.