Behcet’s Syndrome resembling complex perianal Crohn’s Disease

Behcet’s syndrome is a systemic inflammatory disorder that involves several organ systems and is exceptionally rare in the Western world. The diagnosis is frequently difficult as it resembles several other disease processes. A 23-year-old male with a previous presumptive diagnosis of Crohn’s disease presented to our unit with genital ulceration. This is on a background of recurrent perianal abscesses requiring surgical drainage and seton placement. He subsequently developed a complex perianal fistula extending from the rectum to the perineum and left groin. After drainage and an unsuccessful trial of biologic immunosuppressive therapy, he developed several papulopustular cutaneous lesions and oral ulcerations. The diagnostic criteria for Behcet’s syndrome was met and he was referred to a rheumatologist for ongoing management.