Importance of N(6)-methyladenosine RNA modification in lung cancer (Review)

The N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A) modification is the most common mRNA modification in eukaryotes and exerts biological functions by affecting RNA metabolism. The m(6)A modification is installed by m(6)A methyltransferases, removed by demethylases and recognized by m(6)A-binding proteins. The interaction between these three elements maintains the dynamic equilibrium of m(6)A in cells. Accumulating evidence indicates that m(6)A RNA methylation has a significant impact on RNA metabolism and is involved in the pathogenesis of cancer. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The treatment options for lung cancer have developed considerably over the past few years; however, the survival rate of patients with lung cancer still remains very low. Although diagnostic methods and targeted therapies have been rapidly developed in recent years, the underlying mechanism and importance of m(6)A RNA methylation in the pathogenesis of lung cancer remains ambiguous. The current review summarized the biological functions of m(6)A modification and considers the potential roles of m(6)A regulators in the occurrence and development of lung cancer.