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Improvement of Total Flavonoids from Dracocephalum moldavica L. in Rats with Chronic Mountain Sickness through (1)H-NMR Metabonomics

BACKGROUND: We analyzed the effects of total flavonoids from Dracocephalum moldavica L. (D. moldavica L.) on improving chronic mountain sickness (CMS) in rats using the NMR hydrogen spectrum ((1)H-NMR) metabonomics technology. METHOD: We extracted the total flavonoids of D. moldavica L with 60% etha...

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Autores principales: Maimaiti, Atiguli, Tao, Yang, Minmin, Wang, Weiwei, Miao, Wenhui, Shi, Aikemu, Ainiwaer, Maimaitiyiming, Dilinuer
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8110374/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34007298
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6695346
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author Maimaiti, Atiguli
Tao, Yang
Minmin, Wang
Weiwei, Miao
Wenhui, Shi
Aikemu, Ainiwaer
Maimaitiyiming, Dilinuer
author_facet Maimaiti, Atiguli
Tao, Yang
Minmin, Wang
Weiwei, Miao
Wenhui, Shi
Aikemu, Ainiwaer
Maimaitiyiming, Dilinuer
author_sort Maimaiti, Atiguli
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: We analyzed the effects of total flavonoids from Dracocephalum moldavica L. (D. moldavica L.) on improving chronic mountain sickness (CMS) in rats using the NMR hydrogen spectrum ((1)H-NMR) metabonomics technology. METHOD: We extracted the total flavonoids of D. moldavica L with 60% ethanol reflux. A CMS model was established with 48 Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats, which were then randomly divided into six groups (n = 8): control group (normal saline, 0.4 mL/100 g/d, ig); model group (normal saline, 0.4 mL/100 g/d, ig); nifedipine group (nifedipine tablets, 2.7 mg/kg/d, ig); and high-, middle-, and low-dose groups of total flavonoids from D. moldavica L. (DML.H, DML.M, and DML.L, receiving total flavonoids from D. moldavica L. at 400, 200, and 100 mg/kg/d, ig, respectively). The sera of the rats in all the groups were determined, and NMR hydrogen spectrum metabolomics was analyzed. The serum contents of apolipoproteins A1 (Apo-A1) and E (Apo-E) were determined, and histopathological changes in the brain tissue of each group were observed. RESULTS: Serum tests showed that total flavonoids from D. moldavica L. significantly increased the Apo-A1 and Apo-E levels in rats with CMS (P < 0.05). The results of serum metabonomics showed that total flavonoids from D. moldavica L can alleviate amino acid, energy, and lipid metabolism disorders in rats with CMS. Pathohistological examination of brain tissue showed that these flavonoids improved pathological changes, such as meningeal vasodilation, hyperemia, edema of brain parenchyma, inflammatory cell infiltration, increase in perivascular space, and increase in pyramidal cells. CONCLUSION: Total flavonoids from D. moldavica L. have potential therapeutic effects on CMS. The possible mechanism is the reduction of oxidative damage through the alleviation of metabolism disorder.
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spelling pubmed-81103742021-05-17 Improvement of Total Flavonoids from Dracocephalum moldavica L. in Rats with Chronic Mountain Sickness through (1)H-NMR Metabonomics Maimaiti, Atiguli Tao, Yang Minmin, Wang Weiwei, Miao Wenhui, Shi Aikemu, Ainiwaer Maimaitiyiming, Dilinuer Evid Based Complement Alternat Med Research Article BACKGROUND: We analyzed the effects of total flavonoids from Dracocephalum moldavica L. (D. moldavica L.) on improving chronic mountain sickness (CMS) in rats using the NMR hydrogen spectrum ((1)H-NMR) metabonomics technology. METHOD: We extracted the total flavonoids of D. moldavica L with 60% ethanol reflux. A CMS model was established with 48 Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats, which were then randomly divided into six groups (n = 8): control group (normal saline, 0.4 mL/100 g/d, ig); model group (normal saline, 0.4 mL/100 g/d, ig); nifedipine group (nifedipine tablets, 2.7 mg/kg/d, ig); and high-, middle-, and low-dose groups of total flavonoids from D. moldavica L. (DML.H, DML.M, and DML.L, receiving total flavonoids from D. moldavica L. at 400, 200, and 100 mg/kg/d, ig, respectively). The sera of the rats in all the groups were determined, and NMR hydrogen spectrum metabolomics was analyzed. The serum contents of apolipoproteins A1 (Apo-A1) and E (Apo-E) were determined, and histopathological changes in the brain tissue of each group were observed. RESULTS: Serum tests showed that total flavonoids from D. moldavica L. significantly increased the Apo-A1 and Apo-E levels in rats with CMS (P < 0.05). The results of serum metabonomics showed that total flavonoids from D. moldavica L can alleviate amino acid, energy, and lipid metabolism disorders in rats with CMS. Pathohistological examination of brain tissue showed that these flavonoids improved pathological changes, such as meningeal vasodilation, hyperemia, edema of brain parenchyma, inflammatory cell infiltration, increase in perivascular space, and increase in pyramidal cells. CONCLUSION: Total flavonoids from D. moldavica L. have potential therapeutic effects on CMS. The possible mechanism is the reduction of oxidative damage through the alleviation of metabolism disorder. Hindawi 2021-05-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8110374/ /pubmed/34007298 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6695346 Text en Copyright © 2021 Atiguli Maimaiti et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Maimaiti, Atiguli
Tao, Yang
Minmin, Wang
Weiwei, Miao
Wenhui, Shi
Aikemu, Ainiwaer
Maimaitiyiming, Dilinuer
Improvement of Total Flavonoids from Dracocephalum moldavica L. in Rats with Chronic Mountain Sickness through (1)H-NMR Metabonomics
title Improvement of Total Flavonoids from Dracocephalum moldavica L. in Rats with Chronic Mountain Sickness through (1)H-NMR Metabonomics
title_full Improvement of Total Flavonoids from Dracocephalum moldavica L. in Rats with Chronic Mountain Sickness through (1)H-NMR Metabonomics
title_fullStr Improvement of Total Flavonoids from Dracocephalum moldavica L. in Rats with Chronic Mountain Sickness through (1)H-NMR Metabonomics
title_full_unstemmed Improvement of Total Flavonoids from Dracocephalum moldavica L. in Rats with Chronic Mountain Sickness through (1)H-NMR Metabonomics
title_short Improvement of Total Flavonoids from Dracocephalum moldavica L. in Rats with Chronic Mountain Sickness through (1)H-NMR Metabonomics
title_sort improvement of total flavonoids from dracocephalum moldavica l. in rats with chronic mountain sickness through (1)h-nmr metabonomics
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8110374/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34007298
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6695346
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