Cargando…

Measuring and explaining inequality of continuous care for people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Kunming, China

BACKGROUND: In the context of scaling up free antiretroviral therapy (ART), healthcare equality is essential for people living with HIV. We aimed to assess socioeconomic-related inequalities in uptake of continuous care for people living with HIV receiving ART, including retention in care in the las...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jin, Yongmei, Assanangkornchai, Sawitri, Du, Yingrong, Liu, Jun, Bai, Jingsong, Yang, Yongrui
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8112695/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33974670
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251252
_version_ 1783690721815953408
author Jin, Yongmei
Assanangkornchai, Sawitri
Du, Yingrong
Liu, Jun
Bai, Jingsong
Yang, Yongrui
author_facet Jin, Yongmei
Assanangkornchai, Sawitri
Du, Yingrong
Liu, Jun
Bai, Jingsong
Yang, Yongrui
author_sort Jin, Yongmei
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In the context of scaling up free antiretroviral therapy (ART), healthcare equality is essential for people living with HIV. We aimed to assess socioeconomic-related inequalities in uptake of continuous care for people living with HIV receiving ART, including retention in care in the last six months, routine toxicity monitoring, adequate immunological and virological monitoring, and uptake of mental health assessment in the last 12 months. We also determined the contributions of socioeconomic factors to the degree of inequalities. METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among consecutive clients visiting an HIV treatment center in Kunming, China in 2019. Participants were 702 people living with HIV aged ≥18 years (median age: 41.0 years, 69.4% male) who had been on ART for 1–5 years. Socioeconomic-related inequality and its contributing factors were assessed by a normalized concentration index (CI(n)) with a decomposition approach. RESULTS: The uptake of mental health assessment was low (15%) but significantly higher among the rich (CI(n) 0.1337, 95% CI: 0.0140, 0.2534). Retention in care, toxicity, and immunological monitoring were over 80% but non-significant in favor of the rich (CI(n): 0.0117, 0.0315, 0.0736, respectively). The uptake of adequate virological monitoring was 15% and higher among the poor (CI(n) = -0.0308). Socioeconomic status positively contributed to inequalities of all care indicators, with the highest contribution for mental health assessment (124.9%) and lowest for virological monitoring (2.7%). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest virological monitoring and mental health assessment be given more attention in long-term HIV care. Policies allocating need-oriented resources geared toward improving equality of continuous care should be developed.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8112695
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-81126952021-05-24 Measuring and explaining inequality of continuous care for people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Kunming, China Jin, Yongmei Assanangkornchai, Sawitri Du, Yingrong Liu, Jun Bai, Jingsong Yang, Yongrui PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: In the context of scaling up free antiretroviral therapy (ART), healthcare equality is essential for people living with HIV. We aimed to assess socioeconomic-related inequalities in uptake of continuous care for people living with HIV receiving ART, including retention in care in the last six months, routine toxicity monitoring, adequate immunological and virological monitoring, and uptake of mental health assessment in the last 12 months. We also determined the contributions of socioeconomic factors to the degree of inequalities. METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among consecutive clients visiting an HIV treatment center in Kunming, China in 2019. Participants were 702 people living with HIV aged ≥18 years (median age: 41.0 years, 69.4% male) who had been on ART for 1–5 years. Socioeconomic-related inequality and its contributing factors were assessed by a normalized concentration index (CI(n)) with a decomposition approach. RESULTS: The uptake of mental health assessment was low (15%) but significantly higher among the rich (CI(n) 0.1337, 95% CI: 0.0140, 0.2534). Retention in care, toxicity, and immunological monitoring were over 80% but non-significant in favor of the rich (CI(n): 0.0117, 0.0315, 0.0736, respectively). The uptake of adequate virological monitoring was 15% and higher among the poor (CI(n) = -0.0308). Socioeconomic status positively contributed to inequalities of all care indicators, with the highest contribution for mental health assessment (124.9%) and lowest for virological monitoring (2.7%). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest virological monitoring and mental health assessment be given more attention in long-term HIV care. Policies allocating need-oriented resources geared toward improving equality of continuous care should be developed. Public Library of Science 2021-05-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8112695/ /pubmed/33974670 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251252 Text en © 2021 Jin et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Jin, Yongmei
Assanangkornchai, Sawitri
Du, Yingrong
Liu, Jun
Bai, Jingsong
Yang, Yongrui
Measuring and explaining inequality of continuous care for people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Kunming, China
title Measuring and explaining inequality of continuous care for people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Kunming, China
title_full Measuring and explaining inequality of continuous care for people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Kunming, China
title_fullStr Measuring and explaining inequality of continuous care for people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Kunming, China
title_full_unstemmed Measuring and explaining inequality of continuous care for people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Kunming, China
title_short Measuring and explaining inequality of continuous care for people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Kunming, China
title_sort measuring and explaining inequality of continuous care for people living with hiv receiving antiretroviral therapy in kunming, china
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8112695/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33974670
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251252
work_keys_str_mv AT jinyongmei measuringandexplaininginequalityofcontinuouscareforpeoplelivingwithhivreceivingantiretroviraltherapyinkunmingchina
AT assanangkornchaisawitri measuringandexplaininginequalityofcontinuouscareforpeoplelivingwithhivreceivingantiretroviraltherapyinkunmingchina
AT duyingrong measuringandexplaininginequalityofcontinuouscareforpeoplelivingwithhivreceivingantiretroviraltherapyinkunmingchina
AT liujun measuringandexplaininginequalityofcontinuouscareforpeoplelivingwithhivreceivingantiretroviraltherapyinkunmingchina
AT baijingsong measuringandexplaininginequalityofcontinuouscareforpeoplelivingwithhivreceivingantiretroviraltherapyinkunmingchina
AT yangyongrui measuringandexplaininginequalityofcontinuouscareforpeoplelivingwithhivreceivingantiretroviraltherapyinkunmingchina