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The α-Gliadins in Bread Wheat: Effect of Nitrogen Treatment on the Expression of the Major Celiac Disease Immunogenic Complex in Two RNAi Low-Gliadin Lines
Celiac Disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder that affects approximately 1% of the worldwide population. The α-gliadins of wheat contain the 33-mer peptide, the most active peptide in CD both in adults and pediatric patients. In this study, we have characterized the variants and expression profile o...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8116895/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33995459 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.663653 |
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author | Sánchez-León, Susana Giménez, María José Barro, Francisco |
author_facet | Sánchez-León, Susana Giménez, María José Barro, Francisco |
author_sort | Sánchez-León, Susana |
collection | PubMed |
description | Celiac Disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder that affects approximately 1% of the worldwide population. The α-gliadins of wheat contain the 33-mer peptide, the most active peptide in CD both in adults and pediatric patients. In this study, we have characterized the variants and expression profile of an α-gliadins amplicon, harboring the 33-mer peptide, in two low-gliadin RNAi wheat lines, under two different Nitrogen (N) treatments. We estimated that the amplicon expands 45 different α-gliadin variants with high variability due to length, randomly distributed SNPs, and the presence of encoded CD epitopes. Expression of this amplicon is reduced in both RNAi lines in comparison to the wild type. High N treatment significantly increases transcripts of the amplicon in the wild type, but not in the transgenic lines. Classification of α-gliadin variants, considering the number of epitopes, revealed that amplicon variants containing the full complement of 33-mer peptide were affected by N treatment, increasing their expression when N was increased. Line D793 provided higher and more stable silencing through different N fertilization regimes, expressing fewer CD epitopes than D783. Results of this study are important for better understanding of RNAi α-gliadin silencing in response to N treatments, and for undertaking new strategies by RNAi or CRISPR/Cas toward obtaining new varieties suitable for people suffering gluten intolerances. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8116895 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81168952021-05-14 The α-Gliadins in Bread Wheat: Effect of Nitrogen Treatment on the Expression of the Major Celiac Disease Immunogenic Complex in Two RNAi Low-Gliadin Lines Sánchez-León, Susana Giménez, María José Barro, Francisco Front Plant Sci Plant Science Celiac Disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder that affects approximately 1% of the worldwide population. The α-gliadins of wheat contain the 33-mer peptide, the most active peptide in CD both in adults and pediatric patients. In this study, we have characterized the variants and expression profile of an α-gliadins amplicon, harboring the 33-mer peptide, in two low-gliadin RNAi wheat lines, under two different Nitrogen (N) treatments. We estimated that the amplicon expands 45 different α-gliadin variants with high variability due to length, randomly distributed SNPs, and the presence of encoded CD epitopes. Expression of this amplicon is reduced in both RNAi lines in comparison to the wild type. High N treatment significantly increases transcripts of the amplicon in the wild type, but not in the transgenic lines. Classification of α-gliadin variants, considering the number of epitopes, revealed that amplicon variants containing the full complement of 33-mer peptide were affected by N treatment, increasing their expression when N was increased. Line D793 provided higher and more stable silencing through different N fertilization regimes, expressing fewer CD epitopes than D783. Results of this study are important for better understanding of RNAi α-gliadin silencing in response to N treatments, and for undertaking new strategies by RNAi or CRISPR/Cas toward obtaining new varieties suitable for people suffering gluten intolerances. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8116895/ /pubmed/33995459 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.663653 Text en Copyright © 2021 Sánchez-León, Giménez and Barro. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Sánchez-León, Susana Giménez, María José Barro, Francisco The α-Gliadins in Bread Wheat: Effect of Nitrogen Treatment on the Expression of the Major Celiac Disease Immunogenic Complex in Two RNAi Low-Gliadin Lines |
title | The α-Gliadins in Bread Wheat: Effect of Nitrogen Treatment on the Expression of the Major Celiac Disease Immunogenic Complex in Two RNAi Low-Gliadin Lines |
title_full | The α-Gliadins in Bread Wheat: Effect of Nitrogen Treatment on the Expression of the Major Celiac Disease Immunogenic Complex in Two RNAi Low-Gliadin Lines |
title_fullStr | The α-Gliadins in Bread Wheat: Effect of Nitrogen Treatment on the Expression of the Major Celiac Disease Immunogenic Complex in Two RNAi Low-Gliadin Lines |
title_full_unstemmed | The α-Gliadins in Bread Wheat: Effect of Nitrogen Treatment on the Expression of the Major Celiac Disease Immunogenic Complex in Two RNAi Low-Gliadin Lines |
title_short | The α-Gliadins in Bread Wheat: Effect of Nitrogen Treatment on the Expression of the Major Celiac Disease Immunogenic Complex in Two RNAi Low-Gliadin Lines |
title_sort | α-gliadins in bread wheat: effect of nitrogen treatment on the expression of the major celiac disease immunogenic complex in two rnai low-gliadin lines |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8116895/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33995459 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.663653 |
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