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High prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium infection in Bandafassi, South-East Senegal

BACKGROUND: Malaria control and elimination strategies are based on levels of transmission that are usually determined by data collected from health facilities. In endemic areas, asymptomatic Plasmodium infection is thought to represent the majority of infections, though they are not diagnosed nor t...

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Autores principales: Badiane, Aida Sadikh, Ndiaye, Tolla, Thiaw, Alphonse Birane, Binta, Deme Awa, Diallo, Mamadou Alpha, Seck, Mame Cheikh, Diongue, Khadim, Garba, Mamane Nassirou, Ndiaye, Mouhamadou, Ndiaye, Daouda
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8117620/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33980241
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03746-7
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author Badiane, Aida Sadikh
Ndiaye, Tolla
Thiaw, Alphonse Birane
Binta, Deme Awa
Diallo, Mamadou Alpha
Seck, Mame Cheikh
Diongue, Khadim
Garba, Mamane Nassirou
Ndiaye, Mouhamadou
Ndiaye, Daouda
author_facet Badiane, Aida Sadikh
Ndiaye, Tolla
Thiaw, Alphonse Birane
Binta, Deme Awa
Diallo, Mamadou Alpha
Seck, Mame Cheikh
Diongue, Khadim
Garba, Mamane Nassirou
Ndiaye, Mouhamadou
Ndiaye, Daouda
author_sort Badiane, Aida Sadikh
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Malaria control and elimination strategies are based on levels of transmission that are usually determined by data collected from health facilities. In endemic areas, asymptomatic Plasmodium infection is thought to represent the majority of infections, though they are not diagnosed nor treated. Therefore, there might be an underestimation of the malaria reservoir, resulting in inadequate control strategies. In addition, these untreated asymptomatic Plasmodium infections maintain transmission, making it difficult or impossible to reach malaria elimination goals. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium infections in southeastern Senegal. METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted among asymptomatic individuals (N = 122) living in the village of Andiel located in Bandafassi, Kédougou, which consisted of about 200 inhabitants during the malaria transmission season in late October 2019. For each individual without malaria-related symptoms and who consented to participate, a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) was performed in the field. Results were confirmed in the laboratory with photo-induced electron transfer (PET-PCR). RESULTS: Malaria prevalence was 70.3% by PET-PCR and 41.8% by RDT. During the same period, the health post of the area reported 49. 1% test positivity rate by RDT. The majority of the infected study population, 92.9%, was infected with a single species and 7.1% had two or three species of Plasmodium. Plasmodium falciparum was predominant and represented 90.2% of the infections, while 6.5% were due to Plasmodium ovale and 3.3% to Plasmodium malariae. 59.4% of children targeted for SMC (zero to ten years old) were infected. CONCLUSION: In southeastern Senegal, where the transmission is the highest, malaria control strategies should address asymptomatic Plasmodium infections at the community level. The results suggest that this area could be eligible for mass drug administration. Moreover, non-falciparum species could be more common and its prevalence should be determined countrywide.
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spelling pubmed-81176202021-05-17 High prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium infection in Bandafassi, South-East Senegal Badiane, Aida Sadikh Ndiaye, Tolla Thiaw, Alphonse Birane Binta, Deme Awa Diallo, Mamadou Alpha Seck, Mame Cheikh Diongue, Khadim Garba, Mamane Nassirou Ndiaye, Mouhamadou Ndiaye, Daouda Malar J Research BACKGROUND: Malaria control and elimination strategies are based on levels of transmission that are usually determined by data collected from health facilities. In endemic areas, asymptomatic Plasmodium infection is thought to represent the majority of infections, though they are not diagnosed nor treated. Therefore, there might be an underestimation of the malaria reservoir, resulting in inadequate control strategies. In addition, these untreated asymptomatic Plasmodium infections maintain transmission, making it difficult or impossible to reach malaria elimination goals. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium infections in southeastern Senegal. METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted among asymptomatic individuals (N = 122) living in the village of Andiel located in Bandafassi, Kédougou, which consisted of about 200 inhabitants during the malaria transmission season in late October 2019. For each individual without malaria-related symptoms and who consented to participate, a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) was performed in the field. Results were confirmed in the laboratory with photo-induced electron transfer (PET-PCR). RESULTS: Malaria prevalence was 70.3% by PET-PCR and 41.8% by RDT. During the same period, the health post of the area reported 49. 1% test positivity rate by RDT. The majority of the infected study population, 92.9%, was infected with a single species and 7.1% had two or three species of Plasmodium. Plasmodium falciparum was predominant and represented 90.2% of the infections, while 6.5% were due to Plasmodium ovale and 3.3% to Plasmodium malariae. 59.4% of children targeted for SMC (zero to ten years old) were infected. CONCLUSION: In southeastern Senegal, where the transmission is the highest, malaria control strategies should address asymptomatic Plasmodium infections at the community level. The results suggest that this area could be eligible for mass drug administration. Moreover, non-falciparum species could be more common and its prevalence should be determined countrywide. BioMed Central 2021-05-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8117620/ /pubmed/33980241 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03746-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Badiane, Aida Sadikh
Ndiaye, Tolla
Thiaw, Alphonse Birane
Binta, Deme Awa
Diallo, Mamadou Alpha
Seck, Mame Cheikh
Diongue, Khadim
Garba, Mamane Nassirou
Ndiaye, Mouhamadou
Ndiaye, Daouda
High prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium infection in Bandafassi, South-East Senegal
title High prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium infection in Bandafassi, South-East Senegal
title_full High prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium infection in Bandafassi, South-East Senegal
title_fullStr High prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium infection in Bandafassi, South-East Senegal
title_full_unstemmed High prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium infection in Bandafassi, South-East Senegal
title_short High prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium infection in Bandafassi, South-East Senegal
title_sort high prevalence of asymptomatic plasmodium infection in bandafassi, south-east senegal
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8117620/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33980241
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03746-7
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