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Epidemiology and organ specific sequelae of post-acute COVID19: A narrative review
OBJECTIVES: “Long COVID”, a term coined by COVID-19 survivors, describes persistent or new symptoms in a subset of patients who have recovered from acute illness. Globally, the population of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 continues to expand rapidly, necessitating the need for a more thorough under...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8118709/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33992686 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.05.004 |
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author | Korompoki, Eleni Gavriatopoulou, Maria Hicklen, Rachel S Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Ioannis Kastritis, Efstathios Fotiou, Despina Stamatelopoulos, Kimon Terpos, Evangelos Kotanidou, Anastasia Hagberg, Carin A Dimopoulos, Meletios A Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P |
author_facet | Korompoki, Eleni Gavriatopoulou, Maria Hicklen, Rachel S Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Ioannis Kastritis, Efstathios Fotiou, Despina Stamatelopoulos, Kimon Terpos, Evangelos Kotanidou, Anastasia Hagberg, Carin A Dimopoulos, Meletios A Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P |
author_sort | Korompoki, Eleni |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: “Long COVID”, a term coined by COVID-19 survivors, describes persistent or new symptoms in a subset of patients who have recovered from acute illness. Globally, the population of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 continues to expand rapidly, necessitating the need for a more thorough understanding of the array of potential sequelae of COVID-19. The multisystemic aspects of acute COVID-19 have been the subject of intense investigation, but the long–term complications remain poorly understood. Emerging data from lay press, social media, commentaries, and emerging scientific reports suggest that some COVID-19 survivors experience organ impairment and/or debilitating chronic symptoms, at times protean in nature, which impact their quality of life. METHODS/RESULTS: In this review, by addressing separately each body system, we describe the pleiotropic manifestations reported post COVID-19, their putative pathophysiology and risk factors, and attempt to offer guidance regarding work-up, follow-up and management strategies. Long term sequelae involve all systems with a negative impact on mental health, well-being and quality of life, while a subset of patients, report debilitating chronic fatigue, with or without other fluctuating or persistent symptoms, such as pain or cognitive dysfunction. Although the pathogenesis is unclear, residual damage from acute infection, persistent immune activation, mental factors, or unmasking of underlying co-morbidities are considered as drivers. Comparing long COVID with other post viral chronic syndromes may help to contextualize the complex somatic and emotional sequalae of acute COVID-19. The pace of recovery of different aspects of the syndrome remains unclear as the pandemic began only a year ago. CONCLUSIONS: Early recognition of long-term effects and thorough follow-up through dedicated multidisciplinary outpatient clinics with a carefully integrated research agenda are essential for treating COVID-19 survivors holistically. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8118709 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81187092021-05-14 Epidemiology and organ specific sequelae of post-acute COVID19: A narrative review Korompoki, Eleni Gavriatopoulou, Maria Hicklen, Rachel S Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Ioannis Kastritis, Efstathios Fotiou, Despina Stamatelopoulos, Kimon Terpos, Evangelos Kotanidou, Anastasia Hagberg, Carin A Dimopoulos, Meletios A Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P J Infect Review OBJECTIVES: “Long COVID”, a term coined by COVID-19 survivors, describes persistent or new symptoms in a subset of patients who have recovered from acute illness. Globally, the population of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 continues to expand rapidly, necessitating the need for a more thorough understanding of the array of potential sequelae of COVID-19. The multisystemic aspects of acute COVID-19 have been the subject of intense investigation, but the long–term complications remain poorly understood. Emerging data from lay press, social media, commentaries, and emerging scientific reports suggest that some COVID-19 survivors experience organ impairment and/or debilitating chronic symptoms, at times protean in nature, which impact their quality of life. METHODS/RESULTS: In this review, by addressing separately each body system, we describe the pleiotropic manifestations reported post COVID-19, their putative pathophysiology and risk factors, and attempt to offer guidance regarding work-up, follow-up and management strategies. Long term sequelae involve all systems with a negative impact on mental health, well-being and quality of life, while a subset of patients, report debilitating chronic fatigue, with or without other fluctuating or persistent symptoms, such as pain or cognitive dysfunction. Although the pathogenesis is unclear, residual damage from acute infection, persistent immune activation, mental factors, or unmasking of underlying co-morbidities are considered as drivers. Comparing long COVID with other post viral chronic syndromes may help to contextualize the complex somatic and emotional sequalae of acute COVID-19. The pace of recovery of different aspects of the syndrome remains unclear as the pandemic began only a year ago. CONCLUSIONS: Early recognition of long-term effects and thorough follow-up through dedicated multidisciplinary outpatient clinics with a carefully integrated research agenda are essential for treating COVID-19 survivors holistically. The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2021-07 2021-05-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8118709/ /pubmed/33992686 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.05.004 Text en © 2021 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Review Korompoki, Eleni Gavriatopoulou, Maria Hicklen, Rachel S Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Ioannis Kastritis, Efstathios Fotiou, Despina Stamatelopoulos, Kimon Terpos, Evangelos Kotanidou, Anastasia Hagberg, Carin A Dimopoulos, Meletios A Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P Epidemiology and organ specific sequelae of post-acute COVID19: A narrative review |
title | Epidemiology and organ specific sequelae of post-acute COVID19: A narrative review |
title_full | Epidemiology and organ specific sequelae of post-acute COVID19: A narrative review |
title_fullStr | Epidemiology and organ specific sequelae of post-acute COVID19: A narrative review |
title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology and organ specific sequelae of post-acute COVID19: A narrative review |
title_short | Epidemiology and organ specific sequelae of post-acute COVID19: A narrative review |
title_sort | epidemiology and organ specific sequelae of post-acute covid19: a narrative review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8118709/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33992686 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.05.004 |
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