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The emerging function and clinical significance of circRNAs in Thyroid Cancer and Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases

Thyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The incidence of TC, especially that of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC); has increased rapidly in recent decades. Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is closely related to TC and has an...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Yu, Jia, Dong-Dong, Zhang, Yi-Fei, Cheng, Meng-Die, Zhu, Wen-Xiu, Li, Pei-Feng, Zhang, Yin-Feng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Ivyspring International Publisher 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8120456/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33994857
http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.55381
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author Zhang, Yu
Jia, Dong-Dong
Zhang, Yi-Fei
Cheng, Meng-Die
Zhu, Wen-Xiu
Li, Pei-Feng
Zhang, Yin-Feng
author_facet Zhang, Yu
Jia, Dong-Dong
Zhang, Yi-Fei
Cheng, Meng-Die
Zhu, Wen-Xiu
Li, Pei-Feng
Zhang, Yin-Feng
author_sort Zhang, Yu
collection PubMed
description Thyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The incidence of TC, especially that of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC); has increased rapidly in recent decades. Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is closely related to TC and has an estimated prevalence of 5%. Thus, it is becoming increasingly important to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for TC and AITD. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs with covalently bonded circular structures that lack 5'-3' polarity and polyadenylated tails. Several circRNAs play crucial roles in the development of various diseases, including TC and AITD, and could be important new biomarkers and/or targets for the diagnosis and therapy of such disorders. Although there are four subtypes of TC, research on circRNA has largely focused on its connection to PTC. Therefore, this review mainly summarizes the relationships between circRNAs and PTC and AITD, including the molecular mechanisms underlying these relationships. In particular, the functions of “miRNA sponges” and their interactions with proteins and RNA are discussed. The possible targeting of circRNAs for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of TC and AITD is also described. CircRNAs could be potential biomarkers of TC and AITD, although validation will be required before they can be implemented in clinical practice.
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spelling pubmed-81204562021-05-14 The emerging function and clinical significance of circRNAs in Thyroid Cancer and Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases Zhang, Yu Jia, Dong-Dong Zhang, Yi-Fei Cheng, Meng-Die Zhu, Wen-Xiu Li, Pei-Feng Zhang, Yin-Feng Int J Biol Sci Review Thyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The incidence of TC, especially that of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC); has increased rapidly in recent decades. Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is closely related to TC and has an estimated prevalence of 5%. Thus, it is becoming increasingly important to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for TC and AITD. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs with covalently bonded circular structures that lack 5'-3' polarity and polyadenylated tails. Several circRNAs play crucial roles in the development of various diseases, including TC and AITD, and could be important new biomarkers and/or targets for the diagnosis and therapy of such disorders. Although there are four subtypes of TC, research on circRNA has largely focused on its connection to PTC. Therefore, this review mainly summarizes the relationships between circRNAs and PTC and AITD, including the molecular mechanisms underlying these relationships. In particular, the functions of “miRNA sponges” and their interactions with proteins and RNA are discussed. The possible targeting of circRNAs for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of TC and AITD is also described. CircRNAs could be potential biomarkers of TC and AITD, although validation will be required before they can be implemented in clinical practice. Ivyspring International Publisher 2021-04-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8120456/ /pubmed/33994857 http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.55381 Text en © The author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.
spellingShingle Review
Zhang, Yu
Jia, Dong-Dong
Zhang, Yi-Fei
Cheng, Meng-Die
Zhu, Wen-Xiu
Li, Pei-Feng
Zhang, Yin-Feng
The emerging function and clinical significance of circRNAs in Thyroid Cancer and Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases
title The emerging function and clinical significance of circRNAs in Thyroid Cancer and Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases
title_full The emerging function and clinical significance of circRNAs in Thyroid Cancer and Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases
title_fullStr The emerging function and clinical significance of circRNAs in Thyroid Cancer and Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases
title_full_unstemmed The emerging function and clinical significance of circRNAs in Thyroid Cancer and Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases
title_short The emerging function and clinical significance of circRNAs in Thyroid Cancer and Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases
title_sort emerging function and clinical significance of circrnas in thyroid cancer and autoimmune thyroid diseases
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8120456/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33994857
http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.55381
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