Cargando…

Emerging Role of Phospholipase-Derived Cleavage Products in Regulating Eosinophil Activity: Focus on Lysophospholipids, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids

Eosinophils are important effector cells involved in allergic inflammation. When stimulated, eosinophils release a variety of mediators initiating, propagating, and maintaining local inflammation. Both, the activity and concentration of secreted and cytosolic phospholipases (PLAs) are increased in a...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Knuplez, Eva, Sturm, Eva Maria, Marsche, Gunther
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8122506/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33919453
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094356
_version_ 1783692634075693056
author Knuplez, Eva
Sturm, Eva Maria
Marsche, Gunther
author_facet Knuplez, Eva
Sturm, Eva Maria
Marsche, Gunther
author_sort Knuplez, Eva
collection PubMed
description Eosinophils are important effector cells involved in allergic inflammation. When stimulated, eosinophils release a variety of mediators initiating, propagating, and maintaining local inflammation. Both, the activity and concentration of secreted and cytosolic phospholipases (PLAs) are increased in allergic inflammation, promoting the cleavage of phospholipids and thus the production of reactive lipid mediators. Eosinophils express high levels of secreted phospholipase A2 compared to other leukocytes, indicating their direct involvement in the production of lipid mediators during allergic inflammation. On the other side, eosinophils have also been recognized as crucial mediators with regulatory and homeostatic roles in local immunity and repair. Thus, targeting the complex network of lipid mediators offer a unique opportunity to target the over-activation and ‘pro-inflammatory’ phenotype of eosinophils without compromising the survival and functions of tissue-resident and homeostatic eosinophils. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the critical role of phospholipase-derived lipid mediators in modulating eosinophil activity in health and disease. We focus on lysophospholipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and eicosanoids with exciting new perspectives for future drug development.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8122506
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-81225062021-05-16 Emerging Role of Phospholipase-Derived Cleavage Products in Regulating Eosinophil Activity: Focus on Lysophospholipids, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids Knuplez, Eva Sturm, Eva Maria Marsche, Gunther Int J Mol Sci Review Eosinophils are important effector cells involved in allergic inflammation. When stimulated, eosinophils release a variety of mediators initiating, propagating, and maintaining local inflammation. Both, the activity and concentration of secreted and cytosolic phospholipases (PLAs) are increased in allergic inflammation, promoting the cleavage of phospholipids and thus the production of reactive lipid mediators. Eosinophils express high levels of secreted phospholipase A2 compared to other leukocytes, indicating their direct involvement in the production of lipid mediators during allergic inflammation. On the other side, eosinophils have also been recognized as crucial mediators with regulatory and homeostatic roles in local immunity and repair. Thus, targeting the complex network of lipid mediators offer a unique opportunity to target the over-activation and ‘pro-inflammatory’ phenotype of eosinophils without compromising the survival and functions of tissue-resident and homeostatic eosinophils. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the critical role of phospholipase-derived lipid mediators in modulating eosinophil activity in health and disease. We focus on lysophospholipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and eicosanoids with exciting new perspectives for future drug development. MDPI 2021-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8122506/ /pubmed/33919453 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094356 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Knuplez, Eva
Sturm, Eva Maria
Marsche, Gunther
Emerging Role of Phospholipase-Derived Cleavage Products in Regulating Eosinophil Activity: Focus on Lysophospholipids, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids
title Emerging Role of Phospholipase-Derived Cleavage Products in Regulating Eosinophil Activity: Focus on Lysophospholipids, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids
title_full Emerging Role of Phospholipase-Derived Cleavage Products in Regulating Eosinophil Activity: Focus on Lysophospholipids, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids
title_fullStr Emerging Role of Phospholipase-Derived Cleavage Products in Regulating Eosinophil Activity: Focus on Lysophospholipids, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids
title_full_unstemmed Emerging Role of Phospholipase-Derived Cleavage Products in Regulating Eosinophil Activity: Focus on Lysophospholipids, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids
title_short Emerging Role of Phospholipase-Derived Cleavage Products in Regulating Eosinophil Activity: Focus on Lysophospholipids, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids
title_sort emerging role of phospholipase-derived cleavage products in regulating eosinophil activity: focus on lysophospholipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and eicosanoids
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8122506/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33919453
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094356
work_keys_str_mv AT knuplezeva emergingroleofphospholipasederivedcleavageproductsinregulatingeosinophilactivityfocusonlysophospholipidspolyunsaturatedfattyacidsandeicosanoids
AT sturmevamaria emergingroleofphospholipasederivedcleavageproductsinregulatingeosinophilactivityfocusonlysophospholipidspolyunsaturatedfattyacidsandeicosanoids
AT marschegunther emergingroleofphospholipasederivedcleavageproductsinregulatingeosinophilactivityfocusonlysophospholipidspolyunsaturatedfattyacidsandeicosanoids