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Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio as a Potential Blood-Based Biomarker in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

The enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) degrade tryptophan (Trp) into kynurenine (Kyn) at the initial step of an enzymatic pathway affecting T cell proliferation. IDO1 is highly expressed in various cancer types and associated with poor prognosis. Nevertheless, the serum Kyn/Trp concentratio...

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Autores principales: Mandarano, Martina, Orecchini, Elena, Bellezza, Guido, Vannucci, Jacopo, Ludovini, Vienna, Baglivo, Sara, Tofanetti, Francesca Romana, Chiari, Rita, Loreti, Elisabetta, Puma, Francesco, Sidoni, Angelo, Belladonna, Maria Laura
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8122814/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33922388
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094403
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author Mandarano, Martina
Orecchini, Elena
Bellezza, Guido
Vannucci, Jacopo
Ludovini, Vienna
Baglivo, Sara
Tofanetti, Francesca Romana
Chiari, Rita
Loreti, Elisabetta
Puma, Francesco
Sidoni, Angelo
Belladonna, Maria Laura
author_facet Mandarano, Martina
Orecchini, Elena
Bellezza, Guido
Vannucci, Jacopo
Ludovini, Vienna
Baglivo, Sara
Tofanetti, Francesca Romana
Chiari, Rita
Loreti, Elisabetta
Puma, Francesco
Sidoni, Angelo
Belladonna, Maria Laura
author_sort Mandarano, Martina
collection PubMed
description The enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) degrade tryptophan (Trp) into kynurenine (Kyn) at the initial step of an enzymatic pathway affecting T cell proliferation. IDO1 is highly expressed in various cancer types and associated with poor prognosis. Nevertheless, the serum Kyn/Trp concentration ratio has been suggested as a marker of cancer-associated immune suppression. We measured Kyn and Trp in blood samples of a wide cohort of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, before they underwent surgery, and analyzed possible correlations of the Kyn/Trp ratio with either IDO1 expression or clinical–pathological parameters. Low Kyn/Trp significantly correlated with low IDO1 expression and never-smoker patients; while high Kyn/Trp was significantly associated with older (≥68 years) patients, advanced tumor stage, and squamous cell carcinoma (Sqcc), rather than the adenocarcinoma (Adc) histotype. Moreover, high Kyn/Trp was associated, among the Adc group, with higher tumor stages (II and III), and, among the Sqcc group, with a high density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. A trend correlating the high Kyn/Trp ratio with the probability of recurrences from NSCLC was also found. In conclusion, high serum Kyn/Trp ratio, associated with clinical and histopathological parameters, may serve as a serum biomarker to optimize risk stratification and therapy of NSCLC patients.
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spelling pubmed-81228142021-05-16 Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio as a Potential Blood-Based Biomarker in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Mandarano, Martina Orecchini, Elena Bellezza, Guido Vannucci, Jacopo Ludovini, Vienna Baglivo, Sara Tofanetti, Francesca Romana Chiari, Rita Loreti, Elisabetta Puma, Francesco Sidoni, Angelo Belladonna, Maria Laura Int J Mol Sci Article The enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) degrade tryptophan (Trp) into kynurenine (Kyn) at the initial step of an enzymatic pathway affecting T cell proliferation. IDO1 is highly expressed in various cancer types and associated with poor prognosis. Nevertheless, the serum Kyn/Trp concentration ratio has been suggested as a marker of cancer-associated immune suppression. We measured Kyn and Trp in blood samples of a wide cohort of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, before they underwent surgery, and analyzed possible correlations of the Kyn/Trp ratio with either IDO1 expression or clinical–pathological parameters. Low Kyn/Trp significantly correlated with low IDO1 expression and never-smoker patients; while high Kyn/Trp was significantly associated with older (≥68 years) patients, advanced tumor stage, and squamous cell carcinoma (Sqcc), rather than the adenocarcinoma (Adc) histotype. Moreover, high Kyn/Trp was associated, among the Adc group, with higher tumor stages (II and III), and, among the Sqcc group, with a high density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. A trend correlating the high Kyn/Trp ratio with the probability of recurrences from NSCLC was also found. In conclusion, high serum Kyn/Trp ratio, associated with clinical and histopathological parameters, may serve as a serum biomarker to optimize risk stratification and therapy of NSCLC patients. MDPI 2021-04-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8122814/ /pubmed/33922388 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094403 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Mandarano, Martina
Orecchini, Elena
Bellezza, Guido
Vannucci, Jacopo
Ludovini, Vienna
Baglivo, Sara
Tofanetti, Francesca Romana
Chiari, Rita
Loreti, Elisabetta
Puma, Francesco
Sidoni, Angelo
Belladonna, Maria Laura
Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio as a Potential Blood-Based Biomarker in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
title Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio as a Potential Blood-Based Biomarker in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
title_full Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio as a Potential Blood-Based Biomarker in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
title_fullStr Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio as a Potential Blood-Based Biomarker in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
title_full_unstemmed Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio as a Potential Blood-Based Biomarker in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
title_short Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio as a Potential Blood-Based Biomarker in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
title_sort kynurenine/tryptophan ratio as a potential blood-based biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8122814/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33922388
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094403
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