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Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network
A significant increase has been observed in the use of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) over the last few decades. However, there exist several associated challenges with UWSNs, mainly due to the nodes’ mobility, increased propagation delay, limited bandwidth, packet duplication, void hol...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8123114/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33922886 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21093000 |
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author | Jan, Sadeeq Yafi, Eiad Hafeez, Abdul Khatana, Hamza Waheed Hussain, Sajid Akhtar, Rohail Wadud, Zahid |
author_facet | Jan, Sadeeq Yafi, Eiad Hafeez, Abdul Khatana, Hamza Waheed Hussain, Sajid Akhtar, Rohail Wadud, Zahid |
author_sort | Jan, Sadeeq |
collection | PubMed |
description | A significant increase has been observed in the use of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) over the last few decades. However, there exist several associated challenges with UWSNs, mainly due to the nodes’ mobility, increased propagation delay, limited bandwidth, packet duplication, void holes, and Doppler/multi-path effects. To address these challenges, we propose a protocol named “An Efficient Routing Protocol based on Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (ERPMSA-UWSN)” that significantly contributes to optimizing energy consumption and data packet’s long-term survival. We adopt an innovative approach based on the master–slave architecture, which results in limiting the forwarders of the data packet by restricting the transmission through master nodes only. In this protocol, we suppress nodes from data packet reception except the master nodes. We perform extensive simulation and demonstrate that our proposed protocol is delay-tolerant and energy-efficient. We achieve an improvement of 13% on energy tax and 4.8% on Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), over the state-of-the-art protocol. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8123114 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81231142021-05-16 Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network Jan, Sadeeq Yafi, Eiad Hafeez, Abdul Khatana, Hamza Waheed Hussain, Sajid Akhtar, Rohail Wadud, Zahid Sensors (Basel) Article A significant increase has been observed in the use of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) over the last few decades. However, there exist several associated challenges with UWSNs, mainly due to the nodes’ mobility, increased propagation delay, limited bandwidth, packet duplication, void holes, and Doppler/multi-path effects. To address these challenges, we propose a protocol named “An Efficient Routing Protocol based on Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (ERPMSA-UWSN)” that significantly contributes to optimizing energy consumption and data packet’s long-term survival. We adopt an innovative approach based on the master–slave architecture, which results in limiting the forwarders of the data packet by restricting the transmission through master nodes only. In this protocol, we suppress nodes from data packet reception except the master nodes. We perform extensive simulation and demonstrate that our proposed protocol is delay-tolerant and energy-efficient. We achieve an improvement of 13% on energy tax and 4.8% on Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), over the state-of-the-art protocol. MDPI 2021-04-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8123114/ /pubmed/33922886 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21093000 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Jan, Sadeeq Yafi, Eiad Hafeez, Abdul Khatana, Hamza Waheed Hussain, Sajid Akhtar, Rohail Wadud, Zahid Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network |
title | Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network |
title_full | Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network |
title_fullStr | Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network |
title_full_unstemmed | Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network |
title_short | Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network |
title_sort | investigating master–slave architecture for underwater wireless sensor network |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8123114/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33922886 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21093000 |
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