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On Iron Metabolism and Its Regulation
Iron is a critical metal for several vital biological processes. Most of the body’s iron is bound to hemoglobin in erythrocytes. Iron from senescent red blood cells is recycled by macrophages in the spleen, liver and bone marrow. Dietary iron is taken up by the divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8123811/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33925597 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094591 |
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author | Vogt, Anne-Cathrine S. Arsiwala, Tasneem Mohsen, Mona Vogel, Monique Manolova, Vania Bachmann, Martin F. |
author_facet | Vogt, Anne-Cathrine S. Arsiwala, Tasneem Mohsen, Mona Vogel, Monique Manolova, Vania Bachmann, Martin F. |
author_sort | Vogt, Anne-Cathrine S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Iron is a critical metal for several vital biological processes. Most of the body’s iron is bound to hemoglobin in erythrocytes. Iron from senescent red blood cells is recycled by macrophages in the spleen, liver and bone marrow. Dietary iron is taken up by the divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) in enterocytes and transported to portal blood via ferroportin (FPN), where it is bound to transferrin and taken up by hepatocytes, macrophages and bone marrow cells via transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1). While most of the physiologically active iron is bound hemoglobin, the major storage of most iron occurs in the liver in a ferritin-bound fashion. In response to an increased iron load, hepatocytes secrete the peptide hormone hepcidin, which binds to and induces internalization and degradation of the iron transporter FPN, thus controlling the amount of iron released from the cells into the blood. This review summarizes the key mechanisms and players involved in cellular and systemic iron regulation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8123811 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81238112021-05-16 On Iron Metabolism and Its Regulation Vogt, Anne-Cathrine S. Arsiwala, Tasneem Mohsen, Mona Vogel, Monique Manolova, Vania Bachmann, Martin F. Int J Mol Sci Review Iron is a critical metal for several vital biological processes. Most of the body’s iron is bound to hemoglobin in erythrocytes. Iron from senescent red blood cells is recycled by macrophages in the spleen, liver and bone marrow. Dietary iron is taken up by the divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) in enterocytes and transported to portal blood via ferroportin (FPN), where it is bound to transferrin and taken up by hepatocytes, macrophages and bone marrow cells via transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1). While most of the physiologically active iron is bound hemoglobin, the major storage of most iron occurs in the liver in a ferritin-bound fashion. In response to an increased iron load, hepatocytes secrete the peptide hormone hepcidin, which binds to and induces internalization and degradation of the iron transporter FPN, thus controlling the amount of iron released from the cells into the blood. This review summarizes the key mechanisms and players involved in cellular and systemic iron regulation. MDPI 2021-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8123811/ /pubmed/33925597 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094591 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Vogt, Anne-Cathrine S. Arsiwala, Tasneem Mohsen, Mona Vogel, Monique Manolova, Vania Bachmann, Martin F. On Iron Metabolism and Its Regulation |
title | On Iron Metabolism and Its Regulation |
title_full | On Iron Metabolism and Its Regulation |
title_fullStr | On Iron Metabolism and Its Regulation |
title_full_unstemmed | On Iron Metabolism and Its Regulation |
title_short | On Iron Metabolism and Its Regulation |
title_sort | on iron metabolism and its regulation |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8123811/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33925597 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094591 |
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