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The Predictive Role of Biomarkers and Genetics in Childhood Asthma Exacerbations
Asthma exacerbations are associated with significant childhood morbidity and mortality. Recurrent asthma attacks contribute to progressive loss of lung function and can sometimes be fatal or near-fatal, even in mild asthma. Exacerbation prevention becomes a primary target in the management of all as...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8124320/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33925009 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094651 |
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author | di Palmo, Emanuela Cantarelli, Erika Catelli, Arianna Ricci, Giampaolo Gallucci, Marcella Miniaci, Angela Pession, Andrea |
author_facet | di Palmo, Emanuela Cantarelli, Erika Catelli, Arianna Ricci, Giampaolo Gallucci, Marcella Miniaci, Angela Pession, Andrea |
author_sort | di Palmo, Emanuela |
collection | PubMed |
description | Asthma exacerbations are associated with significant childhood morbidity and mortality. Recurrent asthma attacks contribute to progressive loss of lung function and can sometimes be fatal or near-fatal, even in mild asthma. Exacerbation prevention becomes a primary target in the management of all asthmatic patients. Our work reviews current advances on exacerbation predictive factors, focusing on the role of non-invasive biomarkers and genetics in order to identify subjects at higher risk of asthma attacks. Easy-to-perform tests are necessary in children; therefore, interest has increased on samples like exhaled breath condensate, urine and saliva. The variability of biomarker levels suggests the use of seriate measurements and composite markers. Genetic predisposition to childhood asthma onset has been largely investigated. Recent studies highlighted the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms even on exacerbation susceptibility, through involvement of both intrinsic mechanisms and gene-environment interaction. The role of molecular and genetic aspects in exacerbation prediction supports an individual-shaped approach, in which follow-up planning and therapy optimization take into account not only the severity degree, but also the risk of recurrent exacerbations. Further efforts should be made to improve and validate the application of biomarkers and genomics in clinical settings. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8124320 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81243202021-05-17 The Predictive Role of Biomarkers and Genetics in Childhood Asthma Exacerbations di Palmo, Emanuela Cantarelli, Erika Catelli, Arianna Ricci, Giampaolo Gallucci, Marcella Miniaci, Angela Pession, Andrea Int J Mol Sci Review Asthma exacerbations are associated with significant childhood morbidity and mortality. Recurrent asthma attacks contribute to progressive loss of lung function and can sometimes be fatal or near-fatal, even in mild asthma. Exacerbation prevention becomes a primary target in the management of all asthmatic patients. Our work reviews current advances on exacerbation predictive factors, focusing on the role of non-invasive biomarkers and genetics in order to identify subjects at higher risk of asthma attacks. Easy-to-perform tests are necessary in children; therefore, interest has increased on samples like exhaled breath condensate, urine and saliva. The variability of biomarker levels suggests the use of seriate measurements and composite markers. Genetic predisposition to childhood asthma onset has been largely investigated. Recent studies highlighted the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms even on exacerbation susceptibility, through involvement of both intrinsic mechanisms and gene-environment interaction. The role of molecular and genetic aspects in exacerbation prediction supports an individual-shaped approach, in which follow-up planning and therapy optimization take into account not only the severity degree, but also the risk of recurrent exacerbations. Further efforts should be made to improve and validate the application of biomarkers and genomics in clinical settings. MDPI 2021-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8124320/ /pubmed/33925009 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094651 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review di Palmo, Emanuela Cantarelli, Erika Catelli, Arianna Ricci, Giampaolo Gallucci, Marcella Miniaci, Angela Pession, Andrea The Predictive Role of Biomarkers and Genetics in Childhood Asthma Exacerbations |
title | The Predictive Role of Biomarkers and Genetics in Childhood Asthma Exacerbations |
title_full | The Predictive Role of Biomarkers and Genetics in Childhood Asthma Exacerbations |
title_fullStr | The Predictive Role of Biomarkers and Genetics in Childhood Asthma Exacerbations |
title_full_unstemmed | The Predictive Role of Biomarkers and Genetics in Childhood Asthma Exacerbations |
title_short | The Predictive Role of Biomarkers and Genetics in Childhood Asthma Exacerbations |
title_sort | predictive role of biomarkers and genetics in childhood asthma exacerbations |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8124320/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33925009 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094651 |
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