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Engineering Toolbox for Systematic Design of PolyHIPE Architecture

Polymerization of high internal phase emulsions (polyHIPEs) is a well-established method for the production of high porosity foams. Researchers are often regulated to using a time-intensive trial and error approach to achieve target pore architectures. In this work, we performed a systematic study t...

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Autores principales: Dhavalikar, Prachi, Shenoi, Jason, Salhadar, Karim, Chwatko, Malgorzata, Rodriguez-Rivera, Gabriel, Cheshire, Joy, Foudazi, Reza, Cosgriff-Hernandez, Elizabeth
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8124597/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34064400
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091479
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author Dhavalikar, Prachi
Shenoi, Jason
Salhadar, Karim
Chwatko, Malgorzata
Rodriguez-Rivera, Gabriel
Cheshire, Joy
Foudazi, Reza
Cosgriff-Hernandez, Elizabeth
author_facet Dhavalikar, Prachi
Shenoi, Jason
Salhadar, Karim
Chwatko, Malgorzata
Rodriguez-Rivera, Gabriel
Cheshire, Joy
Foudazi, Reza
Cosgriff-Hernandez, Elizabeth
author_sort Dhavalikar, Prachi
collection PubMed
description Polymerization of high internal phase emulsions (polyHIPEs) is a well-established method for the production of high porosity foams. Researchers are often regulated to using a time-intensive trial and error approach to achieve target pore architectures. In this work, we performed a systematic study to identify the relative effects of common emulsion parameters on pore architecture (mixing speed, surfactant concentration, organic phase viscosity, molecular hydrophobicity). Across different macromer chemistries, the largest magnitude of change in pore size was observed across surfactant concentration (~6 fold, 5–20 wt%), whereas changing mixing speeds (~4 fold, 500–2000 RPM) displayed a reduced effect. Furthermore, it was observed that organic phase viscosity had a marked effect on pore size (~4 fold, 6–170 cP) with no clear trend observed with molecular hydrophobicity in this range (logP = 1.9–4.4). The efficacy of 1,4-butanedithiol as a reactive diluent was demonstrated and provides a means to reduce organic phase viscosity and increase pore size without affecting polymer fraction of the resulting foam. Overall, this systematic study of the microarchitectural effects of these macromers and processing variables provides a framework for the rational design of polyHIPE architectures that can be used to accelerate design and meet application needs across many sectors.
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spelling pubmed-81245972021-05-17 Engineering Toolbox for Systematic Design of PolyHIPE Architecture Dhavalikar, Prachi Shenoi, Jason Salhadar, Karim Chwatko, Malgorzata Rodriguez-Rivera, Gabriel Cheshire, Joy Foudazi, Reza Cosgriff-Hernandez, Elizabeth Polymers (Basel) Article Polymerization of high internal phase emulsions (polyHIPEs) is a well-established method for the production of high porosity foams. Researchers are often regulated to using a time-intensive trial and error approach to achieve target pore architectures. In this work, we performed a systematic study to identify the relative effects of common emulsion parameters on pore architecture (mixing speed, surfactant concentration, organic phase viscosity, molecular hydrophobicity). Across different macromer chemistries, the largest magnitude of change in pore size was observed across surfactant concentration (~6 fold, 5–20 wt%), whereas changing mixing speeds (~4 fold, 500–2000 RPM) displayed a reduced effect. Furthermore, it was observed that organic phase viscosity had a marked effect on pore size (~4 fold, 6–170 cP) with no clear trend observed with molecular hydrophobicity in this range (logP = 1.9–4.4). The efficacy of 1,4-butanedithiol as a reactive diluent was demonstrated and provides a means to reduce organic phase viscosity and increase pore size without affecting polymer fraction of the resulting foam. Overall, this systematic study of the microarchitectural effects of these macromers and processing variables provides a framework for the rational design of polyHIPE architectures that can be used to accelerate design and meet application needs across many sectors. MDPI 2021-05-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8124597/ /pubmed/34064400 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091479 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Dhavalikar, Prachi
Shenoi, Jason
Salhadar, Karim
Chwatko, Malgorzata
Rodriguez-Rivera, Gabriel
Cheshire, Joy
Foudazi, Reza
Cosgriff-Hernandez, Elizabeth
Engineering Toolbox for Systematic Design of PolyHIPE Architecture
title Engineering Toolbox for Systematic Design of PolyHIPE Architecture
title_full Engineering Toolbox for Systematic Design of PolyHIPE Architecture
title_fullStr Engineering Toolbox for Systematic Design of PolyHIPE Architecture
title_full_unstemmed Engineering Toolbox for Systematic Design of PolyHIPE Architecture
title_short Engineering Toolbox for Systematic Design of PolyHIPE Architecture
title_sort engineering toolbox for systematic design of polyhipe architecture
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8124597/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34064400
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091479
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