Isotropically resolved label-free tomographic imaging based on tomographic moulds for optical trapping

A major challenge in three-dimensional (3D) microscopy is to obtain accurate spatial information while simultaneously keeping the microscopic samples in their native states. In conventional 3D microscopy, axial resolution is inferior to spatial resolution due to the inaccessibility to side scattering signals. In this study, we demonstrate the isotropic microtomography of free-floating samples by optically rotating a sample. Contrary to previous approaches using optical tweezers with multiple foci which are only applicable to simple shapes, we exploited 3D structured light traps that can stably rotate freestanding complex-shaped microscopic specimens, and side scattering information is measured at various sample orientations to achieve isotropic resolution. The proposed method yields an isotropic resolution of 230 nm and captures structural details of colloidal multimers and live red blood cells, which are inaccessible using conventional tomographic microscopy. We envision that the proposed approach can be deployed for solving diverse imaging problems that are beyond the examples shown here.