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Mobility Change and COVID-19 in Japan: Mobile Data Analysis of Locations of Infection

BACKGROUND: As the COVID-19 pandemic spread, the Japanese government declared a state of emergency on April 7, 2020 for seven prefectures, and on April 16, 2020 for all prefectures. The Japanese Prime Minister and governors requested people to adopt self-restraint behaviors, including working from h...

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Autores principales: Nagata, Shohei, Nakaya, Tomoki, Adachi, Yu, Inamori, Toru, Nakamura, Kazuto, Arima, Dai, Nishiura, Hiroshi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Japan Epidemiological Association 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8126677/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33814508
http://dx.doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20200625
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author Nagata, Shohei
Nakaya, Tomoki
Adachi, Yu
Inamori, Toru
Nakamura, Kazuto
Arima, Dai
Nishiura, Hiroshi
author_facet Nagata, Shohei
Nakaya, Tomoki
Adachi, Yu
Inamori, Toru
Nakamura, Kazuto
Arima, Dai
Nishiura, Hiroshi
author_sort Nagata, Shohei
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: As the COVID-19 pandemic spread, the Japanese government declared a state of emergency on April 7, 2020 for seven prefectures, and on April 16, 2020 for all prefectures. The Japanese Prime Minister and governors requested people to adopt self-restraint behaviors, including working from home and refraining from visiting nightlife spots. However, the effectiveness of the mobility change due to such requests in reducing the spread of COVID-19 has been little investigated. The present study examined the association of the mobility change in working, nightlife, and residential places and the COVID-19 outbreaks in Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagoya metropolitan areas in Japan. METHODS: First, we calculated the daily mobility change in working, nightlife, and residential places compared to the mobility before the outbreak using mobile device data. Second, we estimated the sensitivity of mobility changes to the reproduction number by generalized least squares. RESULTS: Mobility change had already started in March, 2020. However, mobility reduction in nightlife places was particularly significant due to the state of emergency declaration. Although the mobility in each place type was associated with the COVID-19 outbreak, the mobility changes in nightlife places were more significantly associated with the outbreak than those in the other place types. There were regional differences in intensity of sensitivity among each metropolitan area. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicated the effectiveness of the mobility changes, particularly in nightlife places, in reducing the outbreak of COVID-19.
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spelling pubmed-81266772021-06-05 Mobility Change and COVID-19 in Japan: Mobile Data Analysis of Locations of Infection Nagata, Shohei Nakaya, Tomoki Adachi, Yu Inamori, Toru Nakamura, Kazuto Arima, Dai Nishiura, Hiroshi J Epidemiol Short Communication BACKGROUND: As the COVID-19 pandemic spread, the Japanese government declared a state of emergency on April 7, 2020 for seven prefectures, and on April 16, 2020 for all prefectures. The Japanese Prime Minister and governors requested people to adopt self-restraint behaviors, including working from home and refraining from visiting nightlife spots. However, the effectiveness of the mobility change due to such requests in reducing the spread of COVID-19 has been little investigated. The present study examined the association of the mobility change in working, nightlife, and residential places and the COVID-19 outbreaks in Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagoya metropolitan areas in Japan. METHODS: First, we calculated the daily mobility change in working, nightlife, and residential places compared to the mobility before the outbreak using mobile device data. Second, we estimated the sensitivity of mobility changes to the reproduction number by generalized least squares. RESULTS: Mobility change had already started in March, 2020. However, mobility reduction in nightlife places was particularly significant due to the state of emergency declaration. Although the mobility in each place type was associated with the COVID-19 outbreak, the mobility changes in nightlife places were more significantly associated with the outbreak than those in the other place types. There were regional differences in intensity of sensitivity among each metropolitan area. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicated the effectiveness of the mobility changes, particularly in nightlife places, in reducing the outbreak of COVID-19. Japan Epidemiological Association 2021-06-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8126677/ /pubmed/33814508 http://dx.doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20200625 Text en © 2021 Shohei Nagata et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Short Communication
Nagata, Shohei
Nakaya, Tomoki
Adachi, Yu
Inamori, Toru
Nakamura, Kazuto
Arima, Dai
Nishiura, Hiroshi
Mobility Change and COVID-19 in Japan: Mobile Data Analysis of Locations of Infection
title Mobility Change and COVID-19 in Japan: Mobile Data Analysis of Locations of Infection
title_full Mobility Change and COVID-19 in Japan: Mobile Data Analysis of Locations of Infection
title_fullStr Mobility Change and COVID-19 in Japan: Mobile Data Analysis of Locations of Infection
title_full_unstemmed Mobility Change and COVID-19 in Japan: Mobile Data Analysis of Locations of Infection
title_short Mobility Change and COVID-19 in Japan: Mobile Data Analysis of Locations of Infection
title_sort mobility change and covid-19 in japan: mobile data analysis of locations of infection
topic Short Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8126677/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33814508
http://dx.doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20200625
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