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IL-14α as a Putative Biomarker for Stratification of Dry Eye in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Dry eye is often the first presenting manifestation of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). Because of the high prevalence of dry eye disease in normal population, ophthalmologists urgently need a non-invasive and reliable screening test to diagnose dry eye associated SS patients, other tha...

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Autores principales: Liang, Yichen, Xian, Zhenhua, Fu, Dehua, Liu, Shuang, Yao, Yang, Jin, Yuebo, Gao, Chun, Shen, Long, Shi, Guixiu, He, Jing
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8126710/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34012457
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.673658
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author Liang, Yichen
Xian, Zhenhua
Fu, Dehua
Liu, Shuang
Yao, Yang
Jin, Yuebo
Gao, Chun
Shen, Long
Shi, Guixiu
He, Jing
author_facet Liang, Yichen
Xian, Zhenhua
Fu, Dehua
Liu, Shuang
Yao, Yang
Jin, Yuebo
Gao, Chun
Shen, Long
Shi, Guixiu
He, Jing
author_sort Liang, Yichen
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Dry eye is often the first presenting manifestation of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). Because of the high prevalence of dry eye disease in normal population, ophthalmologists urgently need a non-invasive and reliable screening test to diagnose dry eye associated SS patients, other than ocular symptoms and signs. Currently, there is no single test available. The correlation of serum IL-14α with pSS has been found in pSS mouse model. PURPOSE: To evaluate whether IL-14α can serve as a biomarker to stratify dry eye in primary Sjögren’s syndrome and its correlation to BAFF in a cohort of patients with non-SS dry eye (NSDE), pSS with dry eye disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and healthy controls (HC). METHODS: Retrospective study based on serum levels of IL-14α (defined by Western Blot) and BAFF (measured by ELISA) were evaluated among pSS with dry eye disease, NSDE, RA, and HC groups. Serum levels of SS related autoantibodies (Ro, La, SP1, PSP, and CA6) were also measured by ELISA. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty patients were included for the current study, patients were separated into four groups as defined by pSS (n=65), NSDE (n=20), RA (n=50) and HC (n=45). The level of serum IL-14α in pSS was significantly higher compared to NSDE, RA, and HC (p=0.0011, p=0.0052 and p<0.0001, respectively). The levels of serum BAFF in pSS was significantly higher than in NSDE and HC (p=0.0148 and p<0.0001, respectively, whereas the levels of serum BAFF in RA was only significantly higher than in HC (p=0.001), but the level of BAFF was no significant difference between pSS and RA. In pSS, there was a decrease in the serum levels of IL-14α associated with a longer duration of the disease. Also, there was a correlation between the serum levels of IL-14α and SS related autoantibodies such as anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La in pSS patients. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first paper to report both IL-14α and BAFF could serve as a critical cytokine biomarker for the stratification of dry eye in primary Sjögren’s syndrome. This may help ophthalmologists to develop non-invasive metrics for the diagnosis of dry eye associated pSS.
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spelling pubmed-81267102021-05-18 IL-14α as a Putative Biomarker for Stratification of Dry Eye in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome Liang, Yichen Xian, Zhenhua Fu, Dehua Liu, Shuang Yao, Yang Jin, Yuebo Gao, Chun Shen, Long Shi, Guixiu He, Jing Front Immunol Immunology BACKGROUND: Dry eye is often the first presenting manifestation of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). Because of the high prevalence of dry eye disease in normal population, ophthalmologists urgently need a non-invasive and reliable screening test to diagnose dry eye associated SS patients, other than ocular symptoms and signs. Currently, there is no single test available. The correlation of serum IL-14α with pSS has been found in pSS mouse model. PURPOSE: To evaluate whether IL-14α can serve as a biomarker to stratify dry eye in primary Sjögren’s syndrome and its correlation to BAFF in a cohort of patients with non-SS dry eye (NSDE), pSS with dry eye disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and healthy controls (HC). METHODS: Retrospective study based on serum levels of IL-14α (defined by Western Blot) and BAFF (measured by ELISA) were evaluated among pSS with dry eye disease, NSDE, RA, and HC groups. Serum levels of SS related autoantibodies (Ro, La, SP1, PSP, and CA6) were also measured by ELISA. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty patients were included for the current study, patients were separated into four groups as defined by pSS (n=65), NSDE (n=20), RA (n=50) and HC (n=45). The level of serum IL-14α in pSS was significantly higher compared to NSDE, RA, and HC (p=0.0011, p=0.0052 and p<0.0001, respectively). The levels of serum BAFF in pSS was significantly higher than in NSDE and HC (p=0.0148 and p<0.0001, respectively, whereas the levels of serum BAFF in RA was only significantly higher than in HC (p=0.001), but the level of BAFF was no significant difference between pSS and RA. In pSS, there was a decrease in the serum levels of IL-14α associated with a longer duration of the disease. Also, there was a correlation between the serum levels of IL-14α and SS related autoantibodies such as anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La in pSS patients. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first paper to report both IL-14α and BAFF could serve as a critical cytokine biomarker for the stratification of dry eye in primary Sjögren’s syndrome. This may help ophthalmologists to develop non-invasive metrics for the diagnosis of dry eye associated pSS. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8126710/ /pubmed/34012457 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.673658 Text en Copyright © 2021 Liang, Xian, Fu, Liu, Yao, Jin, Gao, Shen, Shi and He https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Liang, Yichen
Xian, Zhenhua
Fu, Dehua
Liu, Shuang
Yao, Yang
Jin, Yuebo
Gao, Chun
Shen, Long
Shi, Guixiu
He, Jing
IL-14α as a Putative Biomarker for Stratification of Dry Eye in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
title IL-14α as a Putative Biomarker for Stratification of Dry Eye in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
title_full IL-14α as a Putative Biomarker for Stratification of Dry Eye in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
title_fullStr IL-14α as a Putative Biomarker for Stratification of Dry Eye in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
title_full_unstemmed IL-14α as a Putative Biomarker for Stratification of Dry Eye in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
title_short IL-14α as a Putative Biomarker for Stratification of Dry Eye in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
title_sort il-14α as a putative biomarker for stratification of dry eye in primary sjögren’s syndrome
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8126710/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34012457
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.673658
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