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Delineating the heterogeneity of matrix-directed differentiation toward soft and stiff tissue lineages via single-cell profiling

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) form a heterogeneous population of multipotent progenitors that contribute to tissue regeneration and homeostasis. MSCs assess extracellular elasticity by probing resistance to applied forces via adhesion, cytoskeletal, and nuclear mechanotransducers that direct...

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Autores principales: Brielle, Shlomi, Bavli, Danny, Motzik, Alex, Kan-Tor, Yoav, Sun, Xue, Kozulin, Chen, Avni, Batia, Ram, Oren, Buxboim, Amnon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: National Academy of Sciences 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8126831/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33941688
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016322118
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author Brielle, Shlomi
Bavli, Danny
Motzik, Alex
Kan-Tor, Yoav
Sun, Xue
Kozulin, Chen
Avni, Batia
Ram, Oren
Buxboim, Amnon
author_facet Brielle, Shlomi
Bavli, Danny
Motzik, Alex
Kan-Tor, Yoav
Sun, Xue
Kozulin, Chen
Avni, Batia
Ram, Oren
Buxboim, Amnon
author_sort Brielle, Shlomi
collection PubMed
description Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) form a heterogeneous population of multipotent progenitors that contribute to tissue regeneration and homeostasis. MSCs assess extracellular elasticity by probing resistance to applied forces via adhesion, cytoskeletal, and nuclear mechanotransducers that direct differentiation toward soft or stiff tissue lineages. Even under controlled culture conditions, MSC differentiation exhibits substantial cell-to-cell variation that remains poorly characterized. By single-cell transcriptional profiling of nonconditioned, matrix-conditioned, and early differentiating cells, we identified distinct MSC subpopulations with distinct mechanosensitivities, differentiation capacities, and cell cycling. We show that soft matrices support adipogenesis of multipotent cells and early endochondral ossification of nonadipogenic cells, whereas intramembranous ossification and preosteoblast proliferation are directed by stiff matrices. Using diffusion pseudotime mapping, we outline hierarchical matrix-directed differentiation and perform whole-genome screening of mechanoresponsive genes. Specifically, top-ranked tropomyosin-1 is highly sensitive to stiffness cues both at RNA and protein levels, and changes in TPM1 expression determine the differentiation toward soft versus stiff tissue lineage. Consistent with actin stress fiber stabilization, tropomyosin-1 overexpression maintains YAP1 nuclear localization, activates YAP1 target genes, and directs osteogenic differentiation. Knockdown of tropomyosin-1 reversed YAP1 nuclear localization consistent with relaxation of cellular contractility, suppressed osteogenesis, activated early endochondral ossification genes after 3 d of culture in induction medium, and facilitated adipogenic differentiation after 1 wk. Our results delineate cell-to-cell variation of matrix-directed MSC differentiation and highlight tropomyosin-mediated matrix sensing.
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spelling pubmed-81268312021-05-21 Delineating the heterogeneity of matrix-directed differentiation toward soft and stiff tissue lineages via single-cell profiling Brielle, Shlomi Bavli, Danny Motzik, Alex Kan-Tor, Yoav Sun, Xue Kozulin, Chen Avni, Batia Ram, Oren Buxboim, Amnon Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Biological Sciences Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) form a heterogeneous population of multipotent progenitors that contribute to tissue regeneration and homeostasis. MSCs assess extracellular elasticity by probing resistance to applied forces via adhesion, cytoskeletal, and nuclear mechanotransducers that direct differentiation toward soft or stiff tissue lineages. Even under controlled culture conditions, MSC differentiation exhibits substantial cell-to-cell variation that remains poorly characterized. By single-cell transcriptional profiling of nonconditioned, matrix-conditioned, and early differentiating cells, we identified distinct MSC subpopulations with distinct mechanosensitivities, differentiation capacities, and cell cycling. We show that soft matrices support adipogenesis of multipotent cells and early endochondral ossification of nonadipogenic cells, whereas intramembranous ossification and preosteoblast proliferation are directed by stiff matrices. Using diffusion pseudotime mapping, we outline hierarchical matrix-directed differentiation and perform whole-genome screening of mechanoresponsive genes. Specifically, top-ranked tropomyosin-1 is highly sensitive to stiffness cues both at RNA and protein levels, and changes in TPM1 expression determine the differentiation toward soft versus stiff tissue lineage. Consistent with actin stress fiber stabilization, tropomyosin-1 overexpression maintains YAP1 nuclear localization, activates YAP1 target genes, and directs osteogenic differentiation. Knockdown of tropomyosin-1 reversed YAP1 nuclear localization consistent with relaxation of cellular contractility, suppressed osteogenesis, activated early endochondral ossification genes after 3 d of culture in induction medium, and facilitated adipogenic differentiation after 1 wk. Our results delineate cell-to-cell variation of matrix-directed MSC differentiation and highlight tropomyosin-mediated matrix sensing. National Academy of Sciences 2021-05-11 2021-05-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8126831/ /pubmed/33941688 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016322118 Text en Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Biological Sciences
Brielle, Shlomi
Bavli, Danny
Motzik, Alex
Kan-Tor, Yoav
Sun, Xue
Kozulin, Chen
Avni, Batia
Ram, Oren
Buxboim, Amnon
Delineating the heterogeneity of matrix-directed differentiation toward soft and stiff tissue lineages via single-cell profiling
title Delineating the heterogeneity of matrix-directed differentiation toward soft and stiff tissue lineages via single-cell profiling
title_full Delineating the heterogeneity of matrix-directed differentiation toward soft and stiff tissue lineages via single-cell profiling
title_fullStr Delineating the heterogeneity of matrix-directed differentiation toward soft and stiff tissue lineages via single-cell profiling
title_full_unstemmed Delineating the heterogeneity of matrix-directed differentiation toward soft and stiff tissue lineages via single-cell profiling
title_short Delineating the heterogeneity of matrix-directed differentiation toward soft and stiff tissue lineages via single-cell profiling
title_sort delineating the heterogeneity of matrix-directed differentiation toward soft and stiff tissue lineages via single-cell profiling
topic Biological Sciences
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8126831/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33941688
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016322118
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