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Radiological pattern in ARDS patients: partitioned respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and lung recruitability
BACKGROUND: The ARDS is characterized by different degrees of impairment in oxygenation and distribution of the lung disease. Two radiological patterns have been described: a focal and a diffuse one. These two patterns could present significant differences both in gas exchange and in the response to...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer International Publishing
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8128955/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33999274 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13613-021-00870-0 |
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author | Coppola, Silvia Pozzi, Tommaso Gurgitano, Martina Liguori, Alessandro Duka, Ejona Bichi, Francesca Ciabattoni, Arianna Chiumello, Davide |
author_facet | Coppola, Silvia Pozzi, Tommaso Gurgitano, Martina Liguori, Alessandro Duka, Ejona Bichi, Francesca Ciabattoni, Arianna Chiumello, Davide |
author_sort | Coppola, Silvia |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The ARDS is characterized by different degrees of impairment in oxygenation and distribution of the lung disease. Two radiological patterns have been described: a focal and a diffuse one. These two patterns could present significant differences both in gas exchange and in the response to a recruitment maneuver. At the present time, it is not known if the focal and the diffuse pattern could be characterized by a difference in the lung and chest wall mechanical characteristics. Our aims were to investigate, at two levels of PEEP, if focal vs. diffuse ARDS patterns could be characterized by different lung CT characteristics, partitioned respiratory mechanics and lung recruitability. METHODS: CT patterns were analyzed by two radiologists and were classified as focal or diffuse. The changes from 5 to 15 cmH(2)O in blood gas analysis and partitioned respiratory mechanics were analyzed. Lung CT scan was performed at 5 and 45 cmH(2)O of PEEP to evaluate lung recruitability. RESULTS: One-hundred and ten patients showed a diffuse pattern, while 58 showed a focal pattern. At 5 cmH(2)O of PEEP, the driving pressure and the elastance, both the respiratory system and of the lung, were significantly higher in the diffuse pattern compared to the focal (14 [11–16] vs 11 [9–15 cmH(2)O; 28 [23–34] vs 21 [17–27] cmH(2)O/L; 22 [17–28] vs 14 [12–19] cmH(2)O/L). By increasing PEEP, the driving pressure and the respiratory system elastance significantly decreased in diffuse pattern, while they increased or did not change in the focal pattern (Δ(15-5): − 1 [− 2 to 1] vs 0 [− 1 to 2]; − 1 [− 4 to 2] vs 1 [− 2 to 5]). At 5 cmH(2)O of PEEP, the diffuse pattern had a lower lung gas (743 [537–984] vs 1222 [918–1974] mL) and higher lung weight (1618 [1388–2001] vs 1222 [1059–1394] g) compared to focal pattern. The lung recruitability was significantly higher in diffuse compared to focal pattern 21% [13–29] vs 11% [6–16]. Considering the median of lung recruitability of the whole population (16.1%), the recruiters were 65% and 22% in the diffuse and focal pattern, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: An early identification of lung morphology can be useful to choose the ventilatory setting. A diffuse pattern has a better response to the increase of PEEP and to the recruitment maneuver. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13613-021-00870-0. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8128955 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer International Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81289552021-05-27 Radiological pattern in ARDS patients: partitioned respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and lung recruitability Coppola, Silvia Pozzi, Tommaso Gurgitano, Martina Liguori, Alessandro Duka, Ejona Bichi, Francesca Ciabattoni, Arianna Chiumello, Davide Ann Intensive Care Research BACKGROUND: The ARDS is characterized by different degrees of impairment in oxygenation and distribution of the lung disease. Two radiological patterns have been described: a focal and a diffuse one. These two patterns could present significant differences both in gas exchange and in the response to a recruitment maneuver. At the present time, it is not known if the focal and the diffuse pattern could be characterized by a difference in the lung and chest wall mechanical characteristics. Our aims were to investigate, at two levels of PEEP, if focal vs. diffuse ARDS patterns could be characterized by different lung CT characteristics, partitioned respiratory mechanics and lung recruitability. METHODS: CT patterns were analyzed by two radiologists and were classified as focal or diffuse. The changes from 5 to 15 cmH(2)O in blood gas analysis and partitioned respiratory mechanics were analyzed. Lung CT scan was performed at 5 and 45 cmH(2)O of PEEP to evaluate lung recruitability. RESULTS: One-hundred and ten patients showed a diffuse pattern, while 58 showed a focal pattern. At 5 cmH(2)O of PEEP, the driving pressure and the elastance, both the respiratory system and of the lung, were significantly higher in the diffuse pattern compared to the focal (14 [11–16] vs 11 [9–15 cmH(2)O; 28 [23–34] vs 21 [17–27] cmH(2)O/L; 22 [17–28] vs 14 [12–19] cmH(2)O/L). By increasing PEEP, the driving pressure and the respiratory system elastance significantly decreased in diffuse pattern, while they increased or did not change in the focal pattern (Δ(15-5): − 1 [− 2 to 1] vs 0 [− 1 to 2]; − 1 [− 4 to 2] vs 1 [− 2 to 5]). At 5 cmH(2)O of PEEP, the diffuse pattern had a lower lung gas (743 [537–984] vs 1222 [918–1974] mL) and higher lung weight (1618 [1388–2001] vs 1222 [1059–1394] g) compared to focal pattern. The lung recruitability was significantly higher in diffuse compared to focal pattern 21% [13–29] vs 11% [6–16]. Considering the median of lung recruitability of the whole population (16.1%), the recruiters were 65% and 22% in the diffuse and focal pattern, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: An early identification of lung morphology can be useful to choose the ventilatory setting. A diffuse pattern has a better response to the increase of PEEP and to the recruitment maneuver. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13613-021-00870-0. Springer International Publishing 2021-05-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8128955/ /pubmed/33999274 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13613-021-00870-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Research Coppola, Silvia Pozzi, Tommaso Gurgitano, Martina Liguori, Alessandro Duka, Ejona Bichi, Francesca Ciabattoni, Arianna Chiumello, Davide Radiological pattern in ARDS patients: partitioned respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and lung recruitability |
title | Radiological pattern in ARDS patients: partitioned respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and lung recruitability |
title_full | Radiological pattern in ARDS patients: partitioned respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and lung recruitability |
title_fullStr | Radiological pattern in ARDS patients: partitioned respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and lung recruitability |
title_full_unstemmed | Radiological pattern in ARDS patients: partitioned respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and lung recruitability |
title_short | Radiological pattern in ARDS patients: partitioned respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and lung recruitability |
title_sort | radiological pattern in ards patients: partitioned respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and lung recruitability |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8128955/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33999274 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13613-021-00870-0 |
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