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EEG-Based Measures in At-Risk Mental State and Early Stages of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review
Introduction: Electrophysiological (EEG) abnormalities in subjects with schizophrenia have been largely reported. In the last decades, research has shifted to the identification of electrophysiological alterations in the prodromal and early phases of the disorder, focusing on the prediction of clini...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8129021/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34017273 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.653642 |
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author | Perrottelli, Andrea Giordano, Giulia Maria Brando, Francesco Giuliani, Luigi Mucci, Armida |
author_facet | Perrottelli, Andrea Giordano, Giulia Maria Brando, Francesco Giuliani, Luigi Mucci, Armida |
author_sort | Perrottelli, Andrea |
collection | PubMed |
description | Introduction: Electrophysiological (EEG) abnormalities in subjects with schizophrenia have been largely reported. In the last decades, research has shifted to the identification of electrophysiological alterations in the prodromal and early phases of the disorder, focusing on the prediction of clinical and functional outcome. The identification of neuronal aberrations in subjects with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) and in those at ultra high-risk (UHR) or clinical high-risk (CHR) to develop a psychosis is crucial to implement adequate interventions, reduce the rate of transition to psychosis, as well as the risk of irreversible functioning impairment. The aim of the review is to provide an up-to-date synthesis of the electrophysiological findings in the at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia. Methods: A systematic review of English articles using Pubmed, Scopus, and PsychINFO was undertaken in July 2020. Additional studies were identified by hand-search. Electrophysiological studies that included at least one group of FEP or subjects at risk to develop psychosis, compared to healthy controls (HCs), were considered. The heterogeneity of the studies prevented a quantitative synthesis. Results: Out of 319 records screened, 133 studies were included in a final qualitative synthesis. Included studies were mainly carried out using frequency analysis, microstates and event-related potentials. The most common findings included an increase in delta and gamma power, an impairment in sensory gating assessed through P50 and N100 and a reduction of Mismatch Negativity and P300 amplitude in at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia. Progressive changes in some of these electrophysiological measures were associated with transition to psychosis and disease course. Heterogeneous data have been reported for indices evaluating synchrony, connectivity, and evoked-responses in different frequency bands. Conclusions: Multiple EEG-indices were altered during at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia, supporting the hypothesis that cerebral network dysfunctions appear already before the onset of the disorder. Some of these alterations demonstrated association with transition to psychosis or poor functional outcome. However, heterogeneity in subjects' inclusion criteria, clinical measures and electrophysiological methods prevents drawing solid conclusions. Large prospective studies are needed to consolidate findings concerning electrophysiological markers of clinical and functional outcome. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8129021 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81290212021-05-19 EEG-Based Measures in At-Risk Mental State and Early Stages of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review Perrottelli, Andrea Giordano, Giulia Maria Brando, Francesco Giuliani, Luigi Mucci, Armida Front Psychiatry Psychiatry Introduction: Electrophysiological (EEG) abnormalities in subjects with schizophrenia have been largely reported. In the last decades, research has shifted to the identification of electrophysiological alterations in the prodromal and early phases of the disorder, focusing on the prediction of clinical and functional outcome. The identification of neuronal aberrations in subjects with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) and in those at ultra high-risk (UHR) or clinical high-risk (CHR) to develop a psychosis is crucial to implement adequate interventions, reduce the rate of transition to psychosis, as well as the risk of irreversible functioning impairment. The aim of the review is to provide an up-to-date synthesis of the electrophysiological findings in the at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia. Methods: A systematic review of English articles using Pubmed, Scopus, and PsychINFO was undertaken in July 2020. Additional studies were identified by hand-search. Electrophysiological studies that included at least one group of FEP or subjects at risk to develop psychosis, compared to healthy controls (HCs), were considered. The heterogeneity of the studies prevented a quantitative synthesis. Results: Out of 319 records screened, 133 studies were included in a final qualitative synthesis. Included studies were mainly carried out using frequency analysis, microstates and event-related potentials. The most common findings included an increase in delta and gamma power, an impairment in sensory gating assessed through P50 and N100 and a reduction of Mismatch Negativity and P300 amplitude in at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia. Progressive changes in some of these electrophysiological measures were associated with transition to psychosis and disease course. Heterogeneous data have been reported for indices evaluating synchrony, connectivity, and evoked-responses in different frequency bands. Conclusions: Multiple EEG-indices were altered during at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia, supporting the hypothesis that cerebral network dysfunctions appear already before the onset of the disorder. Some of these alterations demonstrated association with transition to psychosis or poor functional outcome. However, heterogeneity in subjects' inclusion criteria, clinical measures and electrophysiological methods prevents drawing solid conclusions. Large prospective studies are needed to consolidate findings concerning electrophysiological markers of clinical and functional outcome. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8129021/ /pubmed/34017273 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.653642 Text en Copyright © 2021 Perrottelli, Giordano, Brando, Giuliani and Mucci. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychiatry Perrottelli, Andrea Giordano, Giulia Maria Brando, Francesco Giuliani, Luigi Mucci, Armida EEG-Based Measures in At-Risk Mental State and Early Stages of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review |
title | EEG-Based Measures in At-Risk Mental State and Early Stages of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review |
title_full | EEG-Based Measures in At-Risk Mental State and Early Stages of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review |
title_fullStr | EEG-Based Measures in At-Risk Mental State and Early Stages of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review |
title_full_unstemmed | EEG-Based Measures in At-Risk Mental State and Early Stages of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review |
title_short | EEG-Based Measures in At-Risk Mental State and Early Stages of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review |
title_sort | eeg-based measures in at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia: a systematic review |
topic | Psychiatry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8129021/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34017273 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.653642 |
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