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RNase J1 and J2 Are Host-Encoded Factors for Plasmid Replication
Plasmids need to ensure their transmission to both daughter-cells when their host divides, but should at the same time avoid overtaxing their hosts by directing excessive host-resources toward production of plasmid factors. Naturally occurring plasmids have therefore evolved regulatory mechanisms to...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8129170/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34017314 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.586886 |
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author | Guimarães, Vanessa Andrade Le Scornet, Alexandre Khemici, Vanessa Hausmann, Stéphane Armitano, Joshua Prados, Julien Jousselin, Ambre Manzano, Caroline Linder, Patrick Redder, Peter |
author_facet | Guimarães, Vanessa Andrade Le Scornet, Alexandre Khemici, Vanessa Hausmann, Stéphane Armitano, Joshua Prados, Julien Jousselin, Ambre Manzano, Caroline Linder, Patrick Redder, Peter |
author_sort | Guimarães, Vanessa Andrade |
collection | PubMed |
description | Plasmids need to ensure their transmission to both daughter-cells when their host divides, but should at the same time avoid overtaxing their hosts by directing excessive host-resources toward production of plasmid factors. Naturally occurring plasmids have therefore evolved regulatory mechanisms to restrict their copy-number in response to the volume of the cytoplasm. In many plasmid families, copy-number control is mediated by a small plasmid-specified RNA, which is continuously produced and rapidly degraded, to ensure that its concentration is proportional to the current plasmid copy-number. We show here that pSA564 from the RepA_N-family is regulated by a small antisense RNA (RNA1), which, when over-expressed in trans, blocks plasmid replication and cures the bacterial host. The 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR) of the plasmid replication initiation gene (repA) potentially forms two mutually exclusive secondary structures, ON and OFF, where the latter both sequesters the repA ribosome binding site and acts as a rho-independent transcriptional terminator. Duplex formation between RNA1 and the 5′UTR shifts the equilibrium to favor the putative OFF-structure, enabling a single small RNA to down-regulate repA expression at both transcriptional and translational levels. We further examine which sequence elements on the antisense RNA and on its 5′UTR target are needed for this regulation. Finally, we identify the host-encoded exoribonucleases RNase J1 and J2 as the enzymes responsible for rapidly degrading the replication-inhibiting section of RNA1. This region accumulates and blocks RepA expression in the absence of either RNase J1 or J2, which are therefore essential host factors for pSA564 replication in Staphylococcus aureus. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8129170 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81291702021-05-19 RNase J1 and J2 Are Host-Encoded Factors for Plasmid Replication Guimarães, Vanessa Andrade Le Scornet, Alexandre Khemici, Vanessa Hausmann, Stéphane Armitano, Joshua Prados, Julien Jousselin, Ambre Manzano, Caroline Linder, Patrick Redder, Peter Front Microbiol Microbiology Plasmids need to ensure their transmission to both daughter-cells when their host divides, but should at the same time avoid overtaxing their hosts by directing excessive host-resources toward production of plasmid factors. Naturally occurring plasmids have therefore evolved regulatory mechanisms to restrict their copy-number in response to the volume of the cytoplasm. In many plasmid families, copy-number control is mediated by a small plasmid-specified RNA, which is continuously produced and rapidly degraded, to ensure that its concentration is proportional to the current plasmid copy-number. We show here that pSA564 from the RepA_N-family is regulated by a small antisense RNA (RNA1), which, when over-expressed in trans, blocks plasmid replication and cures the bacterial host. The 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR) of the plasmid replication initiation gene (repA) potentially forms two mutually exclusive secondary structures, ON and OFF, where the latter both sequesters the repA ribosome binding site and acts as a rho-independent transcriptional terminator. Duplex formation between RNA1 and the 5′UTR shifts the equilibrium to favor the putative OFF-structure, enabling a single small RNA to down-regulate repA expression at both transcriptional and translational levels. We further examine which sequence elements on the antisense RNA and on its 5′UTR target are needed for this regulation. Finally, we identify the host-encoded exoribonucleases RNase J1 and J2 as the enzymes responsible for rapidly degrading the replication-inhibiting section of RNA1. This region accumulates and blocks RepA expression in the absence of either RNase J1 or J2, which are therefore essential host factors for pSA564 replication in Staphylococcus aureus. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8129170/ /pubmed/34017314 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.586886 Text en Copyright © 2021 Guimarães, Le Scornet, Khemici, Hausmann, Armitano, Prados, Jousselin, Manzano, Linder and Redder. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Guimarães, Vanessa Andrade Le Scornet, Alexandre Khemici, Vanessa Hausmann, Stéphane Armitano, Joshua Prados, Julien Jousselin, Ambre Manzano, Caroline Linder, Patrick Redder, Peter RNase J1 and J2 Are Host-Encoded Factors for Plasmid Replication |
title | RNase J1 and J2 Are Host-Encoded Factors for Plasmid Replication |
title_full | RNase J1 and J2 Are Host-Encoded Factors for Plasmid Replication |
title_fullStr | RNase J1 and J2 Are Host-Encoded Factors for Plasmid Replication |
title_full_unstemmed | RNase J1 and J2 Are Host-Encoded Factors for Plasmid Replication |
title_short | RNase J1 and J2 Are Host-Encoded Factors for Plasmid Replication |
title_sort | rnase j1 and j2 are host-encoded factors for plasmid replication |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8129170/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34017314 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.586886 |
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