Simultaneous aortic and pulmonary valve replacement in a young patient after intracardiac repair for tetralogy of Fallot: mechanical or biological valve? A case report

Pulmonary valve stenosis and regurgitation can occur in the distant stages after intracardiac repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Aortic regurgitation (AR) can also occur, although it is rare in postoperative patients. However, there are few reports of simultaneous replacement of the pulmonary and aortic valves in young patients after intracardiac repair of TOF, and there are no clear guidelines for selecting a valve prosthesis in such patients. We report a case of severe pulmonary valve stenosis and regurgitation with severe AR 38 years after the TOF operation, in which urgent double valve replacement and right ventricular outflow tract patching were performed with a mechanical valve in the aortic valve position and a bioprosthetic valve in the pulmonary valve position, with a successful outcome.