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Metabolism of Proteins and Amino Acids in Critical Illness: From Physiological Alterations to Relevant Clinical Practice

The clinical impact of nutrition therapy in critically ill patients has been known for years, and relevant guidelines regarding nutrition therapy have emphasized the importance of proteins. During critical illness, such as sepsis or the state following major surgery, major trauma, or major burn inju...

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Autores principales: Hsu, Chih-Chieh, Sun, Ci-Yuan, Tsai, Chun-Yi, Chen, Ming-Yang, Wang, Shang-Yu, Hsu, Jun-Te, Yeh, Chun-Nan, Yeh, Ta-Sen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8131070/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34017176
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S306350
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author Hsu, Chih-Chieh
Sun, Ci-Yuan
Tsai, Chun-Yi
Chen, Ming-Yang
Wang, Shang-Yu
Hsu, Jun-Te
Yeh, Chun-Nan
Yeh, Ta-Sen
author_facet Hsu, Chih-Chieh
Sun, Ci-Yuan
Tsai, Chun-Yi
Chen, Ming-Yang
Wang, Shang-Yu
Hsu, Jun-Te
Yeh, Chun-Nan
Yeh, Ta-Sen
author_sort Hsu, Chih-Chieh
collection PubMed
description The clinical impact of nutrition therapy in critically ill patients has been known for years, and relevant guidelines regarding nutrition therapy have emphasized the importance of proteins. During critical illness, such as sepsis or the state following major surgery, major trauma, or major burn injury, patients suffer from a high degree of stress/inflammation, and during this time, metabolism deviates from homeostasis. The increased degradation of endogenous proteins in response to stress hormones is among the most important events in the acute phase of critical illness. Currently published evidence suggests that adequate protein supplementation might improve the clinical outcomes of critically ill patients. The role of sufficient protein supplementation may even surpass that of caloric supplementation. In this review, we focus on relevant physiological alterations in critical illness, the effects of critical illness on protein metabolism, nutrition therapy in clinical practice, and the function of specific amino acids.
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spelling pubmed-81310702021-05-19 Metabolism of Proteins and Amino Acids in Critical Illness: From Physiological Alterations to Relevant Clinical Practice Hsu, Chih-Chieh Sun, Ci-Yuan Tsai, Chun-Yi Chen, Ming-Yang Wang, Shang-Yu Hsu, Jun-Te Yeh, Chun-Nan Yeh, Ta-Sen J Multidiscip Healthc Review The clinical impact of nutrition therapy in critically ill patients has been known for years, and relevant guidelines regarding nutrition therapy have emphasized the importance of proteins. During critical illness, such as sepsis or the state following major surgery, major trauma, or major burn injury, patients suffer from a high degree of stress/inflammation, and during this time, metabolism deviates from homeostasis. The increased degradation of endogenous proteins in response to stress hormones is among the most important events in the acute phase of critical illness. Currently published evidence suggests that adequate protein supplementation might improve the clinical outcomes of critically ill patients. The role of sufficient protein supplementation may even surpass that of caloric supplementation. In this review, we focus on relevant physiological alterations in critical illness, the effects of critical illness on protein metabolism, nutrition therapy in clinical practice, and the function of specific amino acids. Dove 2021-05-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8131070/ /pubmed/34017176 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S306350 Text en © 2021 Hsu et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Review
Hsu, Chih-Chieh
Sun, Ci-Yuan
Tsai, Chun-Yi
Chen, Ming-Yang
Wang, Shang-Yu
Hsu, Jun-Te
Yeh, Chun-Nan
Yeh, Ta-Sen
Metabolism of Proteins and Amino Acids in Critical Illness: From Physiological Alterations to Relevant Clinical Practice
title Metabolism of Proteins and Amino Acids in Critical Illness: From Physiological Alterations to Relevant Clinical Practice
title_full Metabolism of Proteins and Amino Acids in Critical Illness: From Physiological Alterations to Relevant Clinical Practice
title_fullStr Metabolism of Proteins and Amino Acids in Critical Illness: From Physiological Alterations to Relevant Clinical Practice
title_full_unstemmed Metabolism of Proteins and Amino Acids in Critical Illness: From Physiological Alterations to Relevant Clinical Practice
title_short Metabolism of Proteins and Amino Acids in Critical Illness: From Physiological Alterations to Relevant Clinical Practice
title_sort metabolism of proteins and amino acids in critical illness: from physiological alterations to relevant clinical practice
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8131070/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34017176
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S306350
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