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Phenology and phylogeny of Hyalomma spp. ticks infesting one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) in the Tunisian Saharan bioclimatic zone

In this study, we report the results of a survey of Hyalomma ticks infesting one-humped camels in southern Tunisia. Examinations were conducted every second or third month on 406 camels in Tataouine district from April 2018 to October 2019. A total of 1902 ticks belonging to the genus Hyalomma were...

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Autores principales: Elati, Khawla, Bouaicha, Faten, Dhibi, Mokhtar, Ben Smida, Boubaker, Mhadhbi, Moez, Obara, Isaiah, Amairia, Safa, Bouajila, Mohsen, Rischkowsky, Barbara, Rekik, Mourad, Gharbi, Mohamed
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: EDP Sciences 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8132600/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34009121
http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2021038
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author Elati, Khawla
Bouaicha, Faten
Dhibi, Mokhtar
Ben Smida, Boubaker
Mhadhbi, Moez
Obara, Isaiah
Amairia, Safa
Bouajila, Mohsen
Rischkowsky, Barbara
Rekik, Mourad
Gharbi, Mohamed
author_facet Elati, Khawla
Bouaicha, Faten
Dhibi, Mokhtar
Ben Smida, Boubaker
Mhadhbi, Moez
Obara, Isaiah
Amairia, Safa
Bouajila, Mohsen
Rischkowsky, Barbara
Rekik, Mourad
Gharbi, Mohamed
author_sort Elati, Khawla
collection PubMed
description In this study, we report the results of a survey of Hyalomma ticks infesting one-humped camels in southern Tunisia. Examinations were conducted every second or third month on 406 camels in Tataouine district from April 2018 to October 2019. A total of 1902 ticks belonging to the genus Hyalomma were collected. The ticks were identified as adult H. impeltatum (41.1%; n = 782), H. dromedarii (32.9%; n = 626), H. excavatum (25.9%; n = 493), and H. marginatum for a single specimen. Although the camels were infested by ticks throughout the year, the highest overall infestation prevalence was observed in April 2018 (p < 0.01). The overall infestation intensity varied between 2.7 and 7.4 ticks/animal. There were no statistically significant differences in tick infestation prevalence based on age categories of the camels, and the overall infestation prevalence was between 82.7% and 97.4%. Female camels were significantly more infested with ticks (88.3%) than males (65.5%) (p < 0.01). The infestation prevalence of camels varied significantly according to the region where sampling took place (p < 0.01), but no correlations were found with abiotic factors. The preferred attachment sites for adult Hyalomma ticks were the sternum (38.3%; n = 729/1902), around the anus (36.2%; n = 689/1902), udder (18.4%; n = 350/1902), and inner thigh (6.9%; n = 132/1902). Morphological classification of ticks was corroborated by sequencing the cytochrome c oxidase I (Cox1) and 16S rDNA genes, and these sequences were also used to infer phylogenetic relationships. A single H. dromedarii seemed to be a natural hybrid with H. rufipes. More attention should be devoted by the veterinary services to the infestation of camels by ticks.
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spelling pubmed-81326002021-05-24 Phenology and phylogeny of Hyalomma spp. ticks infesting one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) in the Tunisian Saharan bioclimatic zone Elati, Khawla Bouaicha, Faten Dhibi, Mokhtar Ben Smida, Boubaker Mhadhbi, Moez Obara, Isaiah Amairia, Safa Bouajila, Mohsen Rischkowsky, Barbara Rekik, Mourad Gharbi, Mohamed Parasite Research Article In this study, we report the results of a survey of Hyalomma ticks infesting one-humped camels in southern Tunisia. Examinations were conducted every second or third month on 406 camels in Tataouine district from April 2018 to October 2019. A total of 1902 ticks belonging to the genus Hyalomma were collected. The ticks were identified as adult H. impeltatum (41.1%; n = 782), H. dromedarii (32.9%; n = 626), H. excavatum (25.9%; n = 493), and H. marginatum for a single specimen. Although the camels were infested by ticks throughout the year, the highest overall infestation prevalence was observed in April 2018 (p < 0.01). The overall infestation intensity varied between 2.7 and 7.4 ticks/animal. There were no statistically significant differences in tick infestation prevalence based on age categories of the camels, and the overall infestation prevalence was between 82.7% and 97.4%. Female camels were significantly more infested with ticks (88.3%) than males (65.5%) (p < 0.01). The infestation prevalence of camels varied significantly according to the region where sampling took place (p < 0.01), but no correlations were found with abiotic factors. The preferred attachment sites for adult Hyalomma ticks were the sternum (38.3%; n = 729/1902), around the anus (36.2%; n = 689/1902), udder (18.4%; n = 350/1902), and inner thigh (6.9%; n = 132/1902). Morphological classification of ticks was corroborated by sequencing the cytochrome c oxidase I (Cox1) and 16S rDNA genes, and these sequences were also used to infer phylogenetic relationships. A single H. dromedarii seemed to be a natural hybrid with H. rufipes. More attention should be devoted by the veterinary services to the infestation of camels by ticks. EDP Sciences 2021-05-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8132600/ /pubmed/34009121 http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2021038 Text en © K. Elati et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Elati, Khawla
Bouaicha, Faten
Dhibi, Mokhtar
Ben Smida, Boubaker
Mhadhbi, Moez
Obara, Isaiah
Amairia, Safa
Bouajila, Mohsen
Rischkowsky, Barbara
Rekik, Mourad
Gharbi, Mohamed
Phenology and phylogeny of Hyalomma spp. ticks infesting one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) in the Tunisian Saharan bioclimatic zone
title Phenology and phylogeny of Hyalomma spp. ticks infesting one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) in the Tunisian Saharan bioclimatic zone
title_full Phenology and phylogeny of Hyalomma spp. ticks infesting one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) in the Tunisian Saharan bioclimatic zone
title_fullStr Phenology and phylogeny of Hyalomma spp. ticks infesting one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) in the Tunisian Saharan bioclimatic zone
title_full_unstemmed Phenology and phylogeny of Hyalomma spp. ticks infesting one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) in the Tunisian Saharan bioclimatic zone
title_short Phenology and phylogeny of Hyalomma spp. ticks infesting one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) in the Tunisian Saharan bioclimatic zone
title_sort phenology and phylogeny of hyalomma spp. ticks infesting one-humped camels (camelus dromedarius) in the tunisian saharan bioclimatic zone
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8132600/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34009121
http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2021038
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