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Bone Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: Risk and Prognostic Factors and Nomograms
BACKGROUND: Bone metastasis (BM) is one of the common sites of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and patients with BM have a poorer prognosis. We aimed to develop two nomograms to quantify the risk of BM and predict the prognosis of RCC patients with BM. METHODS: We reviewed patients with diagnosed RCC wi...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8133862/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34054954 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5575295 |
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author | Fan, Zhiyi Huang, Zhangheng Huang, Xiaohui |
author_facet | Fan, Zhiyi Huang, Zhangheng Huang, Xiaohui |
author_sort | Fan, Zhiyi |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Bone metastasis (BM) is one of the common sites of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and patients with BM have a poorer prognosis. We aimed to develop two nomograms to quantify the risk of BM and predict the prognosis of RCC patients with BM. METHODS: We reviewed patients with diagnosed RCC with BM in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2015. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent factors to predict BM in RCC patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to determine independent prognostic factors for BM in RCC patients. Two nomograms were established and evaluated by calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: The study included 37,554 patients diagnosed with RCC in the SEER database, 537 of whom were BM patients. BM's risk factors included sex, tumor size, liver metastasis, lung metastasis, brain metastasis, N stage, T stage, histologic type, and grade in RCC patients. Currently, independent prognostic factors for RCC with BM included grade, histologic type, N stage, surgery, brain metastasis, and lung metastasis. The calibration curve, ROC curve, and DCA showed good performance for diagnostic and prognostic nomograms. CONCLUSIONS: Nomograms were established to predict the risk of BM in RCC and the prognosis of RCC with BM, separately. These nomograms strengthen each patient's prognosis-based decision making, which is critical in improving the prognosis of patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8133862 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Hindawi |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81338622021-05-27 Bone Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: Risk and Prognostic Factors and Nomograms Fan, Zhiyi Huang, Zhangheng Huang, Xiaohui J Oncol Research Article BACKGROUND: Bone metastasis (BM) is one of the common sites of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and patients with BM have a poorer prognosis. We aimed to develop two nomograms to quantify the risk of BM and predict the prognosis of RCC patients with BM. METHODS: We reviewed patients with diagnosed RCC with BM in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2015. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent factors to predict BM in RCC patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to determine independent prognostic factors for BM in RCC patients. Two nomograms were established and evaluated by calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: The study included 37,554 patients diagnosed with RCC in the SEER database, 537 of whom were BM patients. BM's risk factors included sex, tumor size, liver metastasis, lung metastasis, brain metastasis, N stage, T stage, histologic type, and grade in RCC patients. Currently, independent prognostic factors for RCC with BM included grade, histologic type, N stage, surgery, brain metastasis, and lung metastasis. The calibration curve, ROC curve, and DCA showed good performance for diagnostic and prognostic nomograms. CONCLUSIONS: Nomograms were established to predict the risk of BM in RCC and the prognosis of RCC with BM, separately. These nomograms strengthen each patient's prognosis-based decision making, which is critical in improving the prognosis of patients. Hindawi 2021-05-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8133862/ /pubmed/34054954 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5575295 Text en Copyright © 2021 Zhiyi Fan et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Fan, Zhiyi Huang, Zhangheng Huang, Xiaohui Bone Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: Risk and Prognostic Factors and Nomograms |
title | Bone Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: Risk and Prognostic Factors and Nomograms |
title_full | Bone Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: Risk and Prognostic Factors and Nomograms |
title_fullStr | Bone Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: Risk and Prognostic Factors and Nomograms |
title_full_unstemmed | Bone Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: Risk and Prognostic Factors and Nomograms |
title_short | Bone Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: Risk and Prognostic Factors and Nomograms |
title_sort | bone metastasis in renal cell carcinoma patients: risk and prognostic factors and nomograms |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8133862/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34054954 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5575295 |
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