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Hormones in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal models
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in which activated immune cells attack the CNS and cause inflammation and demyelination. While the etiology of MS is still largely unknown, the interaction between hormones and the immune system play...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
De Gruyter
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8134801/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34046214 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tnsci-2020-0169 |
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author | Ghareghani, Majid Ghanbari, Amir Eid, Ali Shaito, Abdullah Mohamed, Wael Mondello, Stefania Zibara, Kazem |
author_facet | Ghareghani, Majid Ghanbari, Amir Eid, Ali Shaito, Abdullah Mohamed, Wael Mondello, Stefania Zibara, Kazem |
author_sort | Ghareghani, Majid |
collection | PubMed |
description | Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in which activated immune cells attack the CNS and cause inflammation and demyelination. While the etiology of MS is still largely unknown, the interaction between hormones and the immune system plays a role in disease progression, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are incompletely understood. Several in vitro and in vivo experimental, but also clinical studies, have addressed the possible role of the endocrine system in susceptibility and severity of autoimmune diseases. Although there are several demyelinating models, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the oldest and most commonly used model for MS in laboratory animals which enables researchers to translate their findings from EAE into human. Evidences imply that there is great heterogeneity in the susceptibility to the induction, the method of induction, and the response to various immunological or pharmacological interventions, which led to conflicting results on the role of specific hormones in the EAE model. In this review, we address the role of endocrine system in EAE model to provide a comprehensive view and a better understanding of the interactions between the endocrine and the immune systems in various models of EAE, to open up a ground for further detailed studies in this field by considering and comparing the results and models used in previous studies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8134801 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | De Gruyter |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81348012021-05-26 Hormones in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal models Ghareghani, Majid Ghanbari, Amir Eid, Ali Shaito, Abdullah Mohamed, Wael Mondello, Stefania Zibara, Kazem Transl Neurosci Review Article Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in which activated immune cells attack the CNS and cause inflammation and demyelination. While the etiology of MS is still largely unknown, the interaction between hormones and the immune system plays a role in disease progression, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are incompletely understood. Several in vitro and in vivo experimental, but also clinical studies, have addressed the possible role of the endocrine system in susceptibility and severity of autoimmune diseases. Although there are several demyelinating models, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the oldest and most commonly used model for MS in laboratory animals which enables researchers to translate their findings from EAE into human. Evidences imply that there is great heterogeneity in the susceptibility to the induction, the method of induction, and the response to various immunological or pharmacological interventions, which led to conflicting results on the role of specific hormones in the EAE model. In this review, we address the role of endocrine system in EAE model to provide a comprehensive view and a better understanding of the interactions between the endocrine and the immune systems in various models of EAE, to open up a ground for further detailed studies in this field by considering and comparing the results and models used in previous studies. De Gruyter 2021-05-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8134801/ /pubmed/34046214 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tnsci-2020-0169 Text en © 2021 Majid Ghareghani et al., published by De Gruyter https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Ghareghani, Majid Ghanbari, Amir Eid, Ali Shaito, Abdullah Mohamed, Wael Mondello, Stefania Zibara, Kazem Hormones in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal models |
title | Hormones in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal models |
title_full | Hormones in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal models |
title_fullStr | Hormones in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal models |
title_full_unstemmed | Hormones in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal models |
title_short | Hormones in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal models |
title_sort | hormones in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) animal models |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8134801/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34046214 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tnsci-2020-0169 |
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