Surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome in advanced-stage upper extremity lymphedema: A case report

RATIONALE: Despite significant advances in microsurgical techniques, simultaneous release of transverse carpal ligament (TCL) and lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) surgeries may be effective for treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and advanced-stage lymphedema. This case report describes the successful treatment of lymphedema with LVA in a patient with CTS and advanced-stage lymphedema. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 60-year-old female patient was referred to our lymphedema clinic with a 12-year history of chronic, acquired, right upper extremity lymphedema and CTS following right mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for treating breast cancer. DIAGNOSIS: According to the indocyanine green lymphography, magnetic resonance lymphangiography, and electromyography, the patient was diagnosed with CTS and advanced-stage lymphedema (International Society of Lymphology late stage 2). INTERVENTION: Release of the TCL was performed first, followed by LVA at the wrist, forearm, and antecubital area. The right arm was compressed and elevated immediately postoperatively and postoperative compression bandage therapy with 35 to 40 mm Hg pressure was instituted following surgery. OUTCOMES: After 2 simultaneous surgeries, the patient had significant circumference and volume reduction of the right hand. The CTS and lymphedema symptoms have decreased following synchronous TCL release and LVA surgeries. LESSONS: Simultaneous LVA and release of the TCL may be effective and safe in patients with advanced lymphedema and CTS.