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Effects of the Thyroid Endocrine System on Gonadal Sex Ratios and Sex-Related Gene Expression in the Pufferfish Takifugu rubripes
To examine the effect and mechanism of thyroid hormone on gonadal sex differentiation, Takifugu rubripes larvae were treated with goitrogen (methimazole, MET, 1000 g/g), and thyroxine (T4, 2nM) from 25 to 80 days after hatching (dah). Gonadal histology and sex ratios of fish were then determined at...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8139168/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34025585 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.674954 |
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author | Yuan, Zhen Shen, Xufang Yan, Hongwei Jiang, Jieming Liu, Binwei Zhang, Lei Wu, Yumeng Liu, Ying Liu, Qi |
author_facet | Yuan, Zhen Shen, Xufang Yan, Hongwei Jiang, Jieming Liu, Binwei Zhang, Lei Wu, Yumeng Liu, Ying Liu, Qi |
author_sort | Yuan, Zhen |
collection | PubMed |
description | To examine the effect and mechanism of thyroid hormone on gonadal sex differentiation, Takifugu rubripes larvae were treated with goitrogen (methimazole, MET, 1000 g/g), and thyroxine (T4, 2nM) from 25 to 80 days after hatching (dah). Gonadal histology and sex ratios of fish were then determined at 80 dah. MET treatment induced masculinization, but T4 treatment did not induce feminization in T. rubripes larvae. Transcriptomic analysis of gonads at 80 dah was then conducted. Among the large number of differentially expressed genes between the groups, the expression of foxl2, cyp19a1a, and dmrt1 was altered. The expression of foxl2, cyp19a1a, dmrt1 and gsdf at 25, 40, 55 days after treatment (dat) was further analyzed by qPCR. MET treatment suppressed the expression of foxl2 and cyp19a1a, and induced the expression of dmrt1 in genetic females (p < 0.05). Additionally, T4 treatment induced an increase in the expression of cyp19a1a in genetic XY gonads only at 25 dat. However, the increase in cyp19a1a expression did not continue to 40 and 55 dat. This may explain why feminization of larvae was not found in the T4-treated group. Thus, the present study provides the first evidence that MET treatment causes masculinization in teleost fish. The effects of MET-induced masculinization in T. rubripes may act primarily via suppression of the expression of foxl2 and cyp19a1a, and stimulation of the expression of dmrt1. Moreover, the effects of higher concentrations of T4 or different concentrations of T3, on sex differentiation require further testing. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8139168 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81391682021-05-22 Effects of the Thyroid Endocrine System on Gonadal Sex Ratios and Sex-Related Gene Expression in the Pufferfish Takifugu rubripes Yuan, Zhen Shen, Xufang Yan, Hongwei Jiang, Jieming Liu, Binwei Zhang, Lei Wu, Yumeng Liu, Ying Liu, Qi Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology To examine the effect and mechanism of thyroid hormone on gonadal sex differentiation, Takifugu rubripes larvae were treated with goitrogen (methimazole, MET, 1000 g/g), and thyroxine (T4, 2nM) from 25 to 80 days after hatching (dah). Gonadal histology and sex ratios of fish were then determined at 80 dah. MET treatment induced masculinization, but T4 treatment did not induce feminization in T. rubripes larvae. Transcriptomic analysis of gonads at 80 dah was then conducted. Among the large number of differentially expressed genes between the groups, the expression of foxl2, cyp19a1a, and dmrt1 was altered. The expression of foxl2, cyp19a1a, dmrt1 and gsdf at 25, 40, 55 days after treatment (dat) was further analyzed by qPCR. MET treatment suppressed the expression of foxl2 and cyp19a1a, and induced the expression of dmrt1 in genetic females (p < 0.05). Additionally, T4 treatment induced an increase in the expression of cyp19a1a in genetic XY gonads only at 25 dat. However, the increase in cyp19a1a expression did not continue to 40 and 55 dat. This may explain why feminization of larvae was not found in the T4-treated group. Thus, the present study provides the first evidence that MET treatment causes masculinization in teleost fish. The effects of MET-induced masculinization in T. rubripes may act primarily via suppression of the expression of foxl2 and cyp19a1a, and stimulation of the expression of dmrt1. Moreover, the effects of higher concentrations of T4 or different concentrations of T3, on sex differentiation require further testing. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8139168/ /pubmed/34025585 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.674954 Text en Copyright 2021 Yuan, Shen, Yan, Jiang, Liu, Zhang, Wu, Liu and Liu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Endocrinology Yuan, Zhen Shen, Xufang Yan, Hongwei Jiang, Jieming Liu, Binwei Zhang, Lei Wu, Yumeng Liu, Ying Liu, Qi Effects of the Thyroid Endocrine System on Gonadal Sex Ratios and Sex-Related Gene Expression in the Pufferfish Takifugu rubripes |
title | Effects of the Thyroid Endocrine System on Gonadal Sex Ratios and Sex-Related Gene Expression in the Pufferfish Takifugu rubripes
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title_full | Effects of the Thyroid Endocrine System on Gonadal Sex Ratios and Sex-Related Gene Expression in the Pufferfish Takifugu rubripes
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title_fullStr | Effects of the Thyroid Endocrine System on Gonadal Sex Ratios and Sex-Related Gene Expression in the Pufferfish Takifugu rubripes
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title_full_unstemmed | Effects of the Thyroid Endocrine System on Gonadal Sex Ratios and Sex-Related Gene Expression in the Pufferfish Takifugu rubripes
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title_short | Effects of the Thyroid Endocrine System on Gonadal Sex Ratios and Sex-Related Gene Expression in the Pufferfish Takifugu rubripes
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title_sort | effects of the thyroid endocrine system on gonadal sex ratios and sex-related gene expression in the pufferfish takifugu rubripes |
topic | Endocrinology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8139168/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34025585 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.674954 |
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