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The potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing adult weight loss: a scoping review
OBJECTIVE: To present an overview of how artificial intelligence (AI) could be used to regulate eating and dietary behaviours, exercise behaviours and weight loss. DESIGN: A scoping review of global literature published from inception to 15 December 2020 was conducted according to Arksey and O’Malle...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cambridge University Press
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8145469/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33592164 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980021000598 |
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author | Chew, Han Shi Jocelyn Ang, Wei How Darryl Lau, Ying |
author_facet | Chew, Han Shi Jocelyn Ang, Wei How Darryl Lau, Ying |
author_sort | Chew, Han Shi Jocelyn |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: To present an overview of how artificial intelligence (AI) could be used to regulate eating and dietary behaviours, exercise behaviours and weight loss. DESIGN: A scoping review of global literature published from inception to 15 December 2020 was conducted according to Arksey and O’Malley’s five-step framework. Eight databases (CINAHL, Cochrane–Central, Embase, IEEE Xplore, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched. Included studies were independently screened for eligibility by two reviewers with good interrater reliability (k = 0·96). RESULTS: Sixty-six out of 5573 potential studies were included, representing more than 2031 participants. Three tenets of self-regulation were identified – self-monitoring (n 66, 100 %), optimisation of goal setting (n 10, 15·2 %) and self-control (n 10, 15·2 %). Articles were also categorised into three AI applications, namely machine perception (n 50), predictive analytics only (n 6) and real-time analytics with personalised micro-interventions (n 10). Machine perception focused on recognising food items, eating behaviours, physical activities and estimating energy balance. Predictive analytics focused on predicting weight loss, intervention adherence, dietary lapses and emotional eating. Studies on the last theme focused on evaluating AI-assisted weight management interventions that instantaneously collected behavioural data, optimised prediction models for behavioural lapse events and enhance behavioural self-control through adaptive and personalised nudges/prompts. Only six studies reported average weight losses (2·4–4·7 %) of which two were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The use of AI for weight loss is still undeveloped. Based on the current study findings, we proposed a framework on the applicability of AI for weight loss but cautioned its contingency upon engagement and contextualisation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8145469 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Cambridge University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81454692021-06-04 The potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing adult weight loss: a scoping review Chew, Han Shi Jocelyn Ang, Wei How Darryl Lau, Ying Public Health Nutr Review Article OBJECTIVE: To present an overview of how artificial intelligence (AI) could be used to regulate eating and dietary behaviours, exercise behaviours and weight loss. DESIGN: A scoping review of global literature published from inception to 15 December 2020 was conducted according to Arksey and O’Malley’s five-step framework. Eight databases (CINAHL, Cochrane–Central, Embase, IEEE Xplore, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched. Included studies were independently screened for eligibility by two reviewers with good interrater reliability (k = 0·96). RESULTS: Sixty-six out of 5573 potential studies were included, representing more than 2031 participants. Three tenets of self-regulation were identified – self-monitoring (n 66, 100 %), optimisation of goal setting (n 10, 15·2 %) and self-control (n 10, 15·2 %). Articles were also categorised into three AI applications, namely machine perception (n 50), predictive analytics only (n 6) and real-time analytics with personalised micro-interventions (n 10). Machine perception focused on recognising food items, eating behaviours, physical activities and estimating energy balance. Predictive analytics focused on predicting weight loss, intervention adherence, dietary lapses and emotional eating. Studies on the last theme focused on evaluating AI-assisted weight management interventions that instantaneously collected behavioural data, optimised prediction models for behavioural lapse events and enhance behavioural self-control through adaptive and personalised nudges/prompts. Only six studies reported average weight losses (2·4–4·7 %) of which two were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The use of AI for weight loss is still undeveloped. Based on the current study findings, we proposed a framework on the applicability of AI for weight loss but cautioned its contingency upon engagement and contextualisation. Cambridge University Press 2021-06 2021-02-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8145469/ /pubmed/33592164 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980021000598 Text en © The Authors 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Chew, Han Shi Jocelyn Ang, Wei How Darryl Lau, Ying The potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing adult weight loss: a scoping review |
title | The potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing adult weight loss: a scoping review |
title_full | The potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing adult weight loss: a scoping review |
title_fullStr | The potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing adult weight loss: a scoping review |
title_full_unstemmed | The potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing adult weight loss: a scoping review |
title_short | The potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing adult weight loss: a scoping review |
title_sort | potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing adult weight loss: a scoping review |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8145469/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33592164 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980021000598 |
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