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Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus in Ethiopia
High viral load and positive hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) results are risk factors for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV). In sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the distribution of these risk factors, as well as early childhood HBV transmission. In this study, Eth...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8145487/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33925930 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050430 |
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author | Johannessen, Asgeir Mekasha, Bitsatab Desalegn, Hailemichael Aberra, Hanna Stene-Johansen, Kathrine Berhe, Nega |
author_facet | Johannessen, Asgeir Mekasha, Bitsatab Desalegn, Hailemichael Aberra, Hanna Stene-Johansen, Kathrine Berhe, Nega |
author_sort | Johannessen, Asgeir |
collection | PubMed |
description | High viral load and positive hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) results are risk factors for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV). In sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the distribution of these risk factors, as well as early childhood HBV transmission. In this study, Ethiopian women aged 18–45 years with chronic hepatitis B were assessed for the presence of HBeAg and high viral load. Their children below 4 years of age were invited for assessment of viral markers, defining active HBV infection as a positive hepatitis B s-antigen (HBsAg) and/or detectable HBV DNA. In total, 61 of 428 HBV-infected women (14.3%) had a positive HBeAg result and/or a high viral load. Of note, 26 of 49 women (53.1%) with viral load above 200,000 IU/mL were HBeAg negative. Among 89 children born of HBV-infected mothers (median age 20 months), 9 (10.1%) had evidence of active HBV infection. In conclusion, one in seven women with chronic hepatitis B had risk factors for MTCT, and HBeAg was a poor predictor of high viral load. One in ten children born of HBV-infected women acquired HBV-infection despite completing their scheduled HBV vaccination at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8145487 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81454872021-05-26 Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus in Ethiopia Johannessen, Asgeir Mekasha, Bitsatab Desalegn, Hailemichael Aberra, Hanna Stene-Johansen, Kathrine Berhe, Nega Vaccines (Basel) Article High viral load and positive hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) results are risk factors for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV). In sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the distribution of these risk factors, as well as early childhood HBV transmission. In this study, Ethiopian women aged 18–45 years with chronic hepatitis B were assessed for the presence of HBeAg and high viral load. Their children below 4 years of age were invited for assessment of viral markers, defining active HBV infection as a positive hepatitis B s-antigen (HBsAg) and/or detectable HBV DNA. In total, 61 of 428 HBV-infected women (14.3%) had a positive HBeAg result and/or a high viral load. Of note, 26 of 49 women (53.1%) with viral load above 200,000 IU/mL were HBeAg negative. Among 89 children born of HBV-infected mothers (median age 20 months), 9 (10.1%) had evidence of active HBV infection. In conclusion, one in seven women with chronic hepatitis B had risk factors for MTCT, and HBeAg was a poor predictor of high viral load. One in ten children born of HBV-infected women acquired HBV-infection despite completing their scheduled HBV vaccination at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age. MDPI 2021-04-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8145487/ /pubmed/33925930 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050430 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Johannessen, Asgeir Mekasha, Bitsatab Desalegn, Hailemichael Aberra, Hanna Stene-Johansen, Kathrine Berhe, Nega Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus in Ethiopia |
title | Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus in Ethiopia |
title_full | Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus in Ethiopia |
title_fullStr | Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus in Ethiopia |
title_full_unstemmed | Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus in Ethiopia |
title_short | Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus in Ethiopia |
title_sort | mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis b virus in ethiopia |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8145487/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33925930 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050430 |
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