Cargando…

The Impact of Age on Response to Infection in Drosophila

This review outlines the known cellular pathways and mechanisms involved in Drosophila age-dependent immunity to pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. We discuss the implication of host signaling pathways such as the Toll, Immune Deficiency (IMD), Janus kinase signal transducer and a...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Sciambra, Noah, Chtarbanova, Stanislava
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8145649/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33946849
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050958
_version_ 1783697223961280512
author Sciambra, Noah
Chtarbanova, Stanislava
author_facet Sciambra, Noah
Chtarbanova, Stanislava
author_sort Sciambra, Noah
collection PubMed
description This review outlines the known cellular pathways and mechanisms involved in Drosophila age-dependent immunity to pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. We discuss the implication of host signaling pathways such as the Toll, Immune Deficiency (IMD), Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), and Insulin/Insulin Growth Factor/Target of Rapamycin (IIS/TOR) on immune function with aging. Additionally, we review the effects that factors such as sexual dimorphism, environmental stress, and cellular physiology exert on age-dependent immunity in Drosophila. We discuss potential tradeoffs between heightened immune function and longevity in the absence of infection, and we provide detailed tables outlining the various assays and pathogens used in the cited studies, as well as the age, sex, and strains of Drosophila used. We also discuss the overlapping effects these pathways and mechanisms have on one another. We highlight the great utility of Drosophila as a model organism and the importance of a greater focus on age-dependent antiviral immunity for future studies.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8145649
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-81456492021-05-26 The Impact of Age on Response to Infection in Drosophila Sciambra, Noah Chtarbanova, Stanislava Microorganisms Review This review outlines the known cellular pathways and mechanisms involved in Drosophila age-dependent immunity to pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. We discuss the implication of host signaling pathways such as the Toll, Immune Deficiency (IMD), Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), and Insulin/Insulin Growth Factor/Target of Rapamycin (IIS/TOR) on immune function with aging. Additionally, we review the effects that factors such as sexual dimorphism, environmental stress, and cellular physiology exert on age-dependent immunity in Drosophila. We discuss potential tradeoffs between heightened immune function and longevity in the absence of infection, and we provide detailed tables outlining the various assays and pathogens used in the cited studies, as well as the age, sex, and strains of Drosophila used. We also discuss the overlapping effects these pathways and mechanisms have on one another. We highlight the great utility of Drosophila as a model organism and the importance of a greater focus on age-dependent antiviral immunity for future studies. MDPI 2021-04-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8145649/ /pubmed/33946849 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050958 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Sciambra, Noah
Chtarbanova, Stanislava
The Impact of Age on Response to Infection in Drosophila
title The Impact of Age on Response to Infection in Drosophila
title_full The Impact of Age on Response to Infection in Drosophila
title_fullStr The Impact of Age on Response to Infection in Drosophila
title_full_unstemmed The Impact of Age on Response to Infection in Drosophila
title_short The Impact of Age on Response to Infection in Drosophila
title_sort impact of age on response to infection in drosophila
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8145649/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33946849
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050958
work_keys_str_mv AT sciambranoah theimpactofageonresponsetoinfectionindrosophila
AT chtarbanovastanislava theimpactofageonresponsetoinfectionindrosophila
AT sciambranoah impactofageonresponsetoinfectionindrosophila
AT chtarbanovastanislava impactofageonresponsetoinfectionindrosophila