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Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans
The dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans causes significant structural damage by decaying construction timber, resulting in costly restoration procedures. Dry rot fungi decompose cellulose and hemicellulose and are often accompanied by a succession of bacteria and other fungi. Bacterial–fungal interacti...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8147175/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33946450 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7050354 |
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author | Embacher, Julia Neuhauser, Sigrid Zeilinger, Susanne Kirchmair, Martin |
author_facet | Embacher, Julia Neuhauser, Sigrid Zeilinger, Susanne Kirchmair, Martin |
author_sort | Embacher, Julia |
collection | PubMed |
description | The dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans causes significant structural damage by decaying construction timber, resulting in costly restoration procedures. Dry rot fungi decompose cellulose and hemicellulose and are often accompanied by a succession of bacteria and other fungi. Bacterial–fungal interactions (BFI) have a considerable impact on all the partners, ranging from antagonistic to beneficial relationships. Using a cultivation-based approach, we show that S. lacrymans has many co-existing, mainly Gram-positive, bacteria and demonstrate differences in the communities associated with distinct fungal parts. Bacteria isolated from the fruiting bodies and mycelia were dominated by Firmicutes, while bacteria isolated from rhizomorphs were dominated by Proteobacteria. Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were less abundant. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis revealed that bacteria were not present biofilm-like, but occurred as independent cells scattered across and within tissues, sometimes also attached to fungal spores. In co-culture, some bacterial isolates caused growth inhibition of S. lacrymans, and vice versa, and some induced fungal pigment production. It was found that 25% of the isolates could degrade pectin, 43% xylan, 17% carboxymethylcellulose, and 66% were able to depolymerize starch. Our results provide first insights for a better understanding of the holobiont S. lacrymans and give hints that bacteria influence the behavior of S. lacrymans in culture. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8147175 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81471752021-05-26 Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans Embacher, Julia Neuhauser, Sigrid Zeilinger, Susanne Kirchmair, Martin J Fungi (Basel) Article The dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans causes significant structural damage by decaying construction timber, resulting in costly restoration procedures. Dry rot fungi decompose cellulose and hemicellulose and are often accompanied by a succession of bacteria and other fungi. Bacterial–fungal interactions (BFI) have a considerable impact on all the partners, ranging from antagonistic to beneficial relationships. Using a cultivation-based approach, we show that S. lacrymans has many co-existing, mainly Gram-positive, bacteria and demonstrate differences in the communities associated with distinct fungal parts. Bacteria isolated from the fruiting bodies and mycelia were dominated by Firmicutes, while bacteria isolated from rhizomorphs were dominated by Proteobacteria. Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were less abundant. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis revealed that bacteria were not present biofilm-like, but occurred as independent cells scattered across and within tissues, sometimes also attached to fungal spores. In co-culture, some bacterial isolates caused growth inhibition of S. lacrymans, and vice versa, and some induced fungal pigment production. It was found that 25% of the isolates could degrade pectin, 43% xylan, 17% carboxymethylcellulose, and 66% were able to depolymerize starch. Our results provide first insights for a better understanding of the holobiont S. lacrymans and give hints that bacteria influence the behavior of S. lacrymans in culture. MDPI 2021-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8147175/ /pubmed/33946450 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7050354 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Embacher, Julia Neuhauser, Sigrid Zeilinger, Susanne Kirchmair, Martin Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans |
title | Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans |
title_full | Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans |
title_fullStr | Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans |
title_full_unstemmed | Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans |
title_short | Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans |
title_sort | microbiota associated with different developmental stages of the dry rot fungus serpula lacrymans |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8147175/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33946450 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7050354 |
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