Cargando…

Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans

The dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans causes significant structural damage by decaying construction timber, resulting in costly restoration procedures. Dry rot fungi decompose cellulose and hemicellulose and are often accompanied by a succession of bacteria and other fungi. Bacterial–fungal interacti...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Embacher, Julia, Neuhauser, Sigrid, Zeilinger, Susanne, Kirchmair, Martin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8147175/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33946450
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7050354
_version_ 1783697568810663936
author Embacher, Julia
Neuhauser, Sigrid
Zeilinger, Susanne
Kirchmair, Martin
author_facet Embacher, Julia
Neuhauser, Sigrid
Zeilinger, Susanne
Kirchmair, Martin
author_sort Embacher, Julia
collection PubMed
description The dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans causes significant structural damage by decaying construction timber, resulting in costly restoration procedures. Dry rot fungi decompose cellulose and hemicellulose and are often accompanied by a succession of bacteria and other fungi. Bacterial–fungal interactions (BFI) have a considerable impact on all the partners, ranging from antagonistic to beneficial relationships. Using a cultivation-based approach, we show that S. lacrymans has many co-existing, mainly Gram-positive, bacteria and demonstrate differences in the communities associated with distinct fungal parts. Bacteria isolated from the fruiting bodies and mycelia were dominated by Firmicutes, while bacteria isolated from rhizomorphs were dominated by Proteobacteria. Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were less abundant. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis revealed that bacteria were not present biofilm-like, but occurred as independent cells scattered across and within tissues, sometimes also attached to fungal spores. In co-culture, some bacterial isolates caused growth inhibition of S. lacrymans, and vice versa, and some induced fungal pigment production. It was found that 25% of the isolates could degrade pectin, 43% xylan, 17% carboxymethylcellulose, and 66% were able to depolymerize starch. Our results provide first insights for a better understanding of the holobiont S. lacrymans and give hints that bacteria influence the behavior of S. lacrymans in culture.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8147175
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-81471752021-05-26 Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans Embacher, Julia Neuhauser, Sigrid Zeilinger, Susanne Kirchmair, Martin J Fungi (Basel) Article The dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans causes significant structural damage by decaying construction timber, resulting in costly restoration procedures. Dry rot fungi decompose cellulose and hemicellulose and are often accompanied by a succession of bacteria and other fungi. Bacterial–fungal interactions (BFI) have a considerable impact on all the partners, ranging from antagonistic to beneficial relationships. Using a cultivation-based approach, we show that S. lacrymans has many co-existing, mainly Gram-positive, bacteria and demonstrate differences in the communities associated with distinct fungal parts. Bacteria isolated from the fruiting bodies and mycelia were dominated by Firmicutes, while bacteria isolated from rhizomorphs were dominated by Proteobacteria. Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were less abundant. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis revealed that bacteria were not present biofilm-like, but occurred as independent cells scattered across and within tissues, sometimes also attached to fungal spores. In co-culture, some bacterial isolates caused growth inhibition of S. lacrymans, and vice versa, and some induced fungal pigment production. It was found that 25% of the isolates could degrade pectin, 43% xylan, 17% carboxymethylcellulose, and 66% were able to depolymerize starch. Our results provide first insights for a better understanding of the holobiont S. lacrymans and give hints that bacteria influence the behavior of S. lacrymans in culture. MDPI 2021-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8147175/ /pubmed/33946450 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7050354 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Embacher, Julia
Neuhauser, Sigrid
Zeilinger, Susanne
Kirchmair, Martin
Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans
title Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans
title_full Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans
title_fullStr Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans
title_full_unstemmed Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans
title_short Microbiota Associated with Different Developmental Stages of the Dry Rot Fungus Serpula lacrymans
title_sort microbiota associated with different developmental stages of the dry rot fungus serpula lacrymans
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8147175/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33946450
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7050354
work_keys_str_mv AT embacherjulia microbiotaassociatedwithdifferentdevelopmentalstagesofthedryrotfungusserpulalacrymans
AT neuhausersigrid microbiotaassociatedwithdifferentdevelopmentalstagesofthedryrotfungusserpulalacrymans
AT zeilingersusanne microbiotaassociatedwithdifferentdevelopmentalstagesofthedryrotfungusserpulalacrymans
AT kirchmairmartin microbiotaassociatedwithdifferentdevelopmentalstagesofthedryrotfungusserpulalacrymans