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Stretchable Carbon and Silver Inks for Wearable Applications

For wearable electronic devices to be fully integrated into garments, without restricting or impeding movement, requires flexible and stretchable inks and coatings, which must have consistent performance and recover from mechanical strain. Combining Carbon Black (CB) and ammonia plasma functionalize...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Claypole, Andrew, Claypole, James, Kilduff, Liam, Gethin, David, Claypole, Tim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8147316/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34062804
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051200
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author Claypole, Andrew
Claypole, James
Kilduff, Liam
Gethin, David
Claypole, Tim
author_facet Claypole, Andrew
Claypole, James
Kilduff, Liam
Gethin, David
Claypole, Tim
author_sort Claypole, Andrew
collection PubMed
description For wearable electronic devices to be fully integrated into garments, without restricting or impeding movement, requires flexible and stretchable inks and coatings, which must have consistent performance and recover from mechanical strain. Combining Carbon Black (CB) and ammonia plasma functionalized Graphite Nanoplatelets (GNPs) in a Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) resin created a conductive ink that could stretch to substrate failure (>300% nominal strain) and cyclic strains of up to 100% while maintaining an electrical network. This highly stretchable, conductive screen-printable ink was developed using relatively low-cost carbon materials and scalable processes making it a candidate for future wearable developments. The electromechanical performance of the carbon ink for wearable technology is compared to a screen-printable silver as a control. After initial plastic deformation and the alignment of the nano carbons in the matrix, the electrical performance was consistent under cycling to 100% nominal strain. Although the GNP flakes are pulled further apart a consistent, but less conductive path remains through the CB/TPU matrix. In contrast to the nano carbon ink, a more conductive ink made using silver flakes lost conductivity at 166% nominal strain falling short of the substrate failure strain. This was attributed to the failure of direct contact between the silver flakes.
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spelling pubmed-81473162021-05-26 Stretchable Carbon and Silver Inks for Wearable Applications Claypole, Andrew Claypole, James Kilduff, Liam Gethin, David Claypole, Tim Nanomaterials (Basel) Article For wearable electronic devices to be fully integrated into garments, without restricting or impeding movement, requires flexible and stretchable inks and coatings, which must have consistent performance and recover from mechanical strain. Combining Carbon Black (CB) and ammonia plasma functionalized Graphite Nanoplatelets (GNPs) in a Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) resin created a conductive ink that could stretch to substrate failure (>300% nominal strain) and cyclic strains of up to 100% while maintaining an electrical network. This highly stretchable, conductive screen-printable ink was developed using relatively low-cost carbon materials and scalable processes making it a candidate for future wearable developments. The electromechanical performance of the carbon ink for wearable technology is compared to a screen-printable silver as a control. After initial plastic deformation and the alignment of the nano carbons in the matrix, the electrical performance was consistent under cycling to 100% nominal strain. Although the GNP flakes are pulled further apart a consistent, but less conductive path remains through the CB/TPU matrix. In contrast to the nano carbon ink, a more conductive ink made using silver flakes lost conductivity at 166% nominal strain falling short of the substrate failure strain. This was attributed to the failure of direct contact between the silver flakes. MDPI 2021-05-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8147316/ /pubmed/34062804 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051200 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Claypole, Andrew
Claypole, James
Kilduff, Liam
Gethin, David
Claypole, Tim
Stretchable Carbon and Silver Inks for Wearable Applications
title Stretchable Carbon and Silver Inks for Wearable Applications
title_full Stretchable Carbon and Silver Inks for Wearable Applications
title_fullStr Stretchable Carbon and Silver Inks for Wearable Applications
title_full_unstemmed Stretchable Carbon and Silver Inks for Wearable Applications
title_short Stretchable Carbon and Silver Inks for Wearable Applications
title_sort stretchable carbon and silver inks for wearable applications
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8147316/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34062804
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051200
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