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The Genomic Landscape of Thyroid Cancer Tumourigenesis and Implications for Immunotherapy
Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent endocrine malignancy that comprises mostly indolent differentiated cancers (DTCs) and less frequently aggressive poorly differentiated (PDTC) or anaplastic cancers (ATCs) with high mortality. Utilisation of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and advanced sequencing...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8147376/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34062862 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10051082 |
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author | Singh, Amandeep Ham, Jeehoon Po, Joseph William Niles, Navin Roberts, Tara Lee, Cheok Soon |
author_facet | Singh, Amandeep Ham, Jeehoon Po, Joseph William Niles, Navin Roberts, Tara Lee, Cheok Soon |
author_sort | Singh, Amandeep |
collection | PubMed |
description | Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent endocrine malignancy that comprises mostly indolent differentiated cancers (DTCs) and less frequently aggressive poorly differentiated (PDTC) or anaplastic cancers (ATCs) with high mortality. Utilisation of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and advanced sequencing data analysis can aid in understanding the multi-step progression model in the development of thyroid cancers and their metastatic potential at a molecular level, promoting a targeted approach to further research and development of targeted treatment options including immunotherapy, especially for the aggressive variants. Tumour initiation and progression in thyroid cancer occurs through constitutional activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway through mutations in BRAF, RAS, mutations in the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway and/or receptor tyrosine kinase fusions/translocations, and other genetic aberrations acquired in a stepwise manner. This review provides a summary of the recent genetic aberrations implicated in the development and progression of thyroid cancer and implications for immunotherapy. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8147376 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-81473762021-05-26 The Genomic Landscape of Thyroid Cancer Tumourigenesis and Implications for Immunotherapy Singh, Amandeep Ham, Jeehoon Po, Joseph William Niles, Navin Roberts, Tara Lee, Cheok Soon Cells Review Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent endocrine malignancy that comprises mostly indolent differentiated cancers (DTCs) and less frequently aggressive poorly differentiated (PDTC) or anaplastic cancers (ATCs) with high mortality. Utilisation of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and advanced sequencing data analysis can aid in understanding the multi-step progression model in the development of thyroid cancers and their metastatic potential at a molecular level, promoting a targeted approach to further research and development of targeted treatment options including immunotherapy, especially for the aggressive variants. Tumour initiation and progression in thyroid cancer occurs through constitutional activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway through mutations in BRAF, RAS, mutations in the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway and/or receptor tyrosine kinase fusions/translocations, and other genetic aberrations acquired in a stepwise manner. This review provides a summary of the recent genetic aberrations implicated in the development and progression of thyroid cancer and implications for immunotherapy. MDPI 2021-05-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8147376/ /pubmed/34062862 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10051082 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Singh, Amandeep Ham, Jeehoon Po, Joseph William Niles, Navin Roberts, Tara Lee, Cheok Soon The Genomic Landscape of Thyroid Cancer Tumourigenesis and Implications for Immunotherapy |
title | The Genomic Landscape of Thyroid Cancer Tumourigenesis and Implications for Immunotherapy |
title_full | The Genomic Landscape of Thyroid Cancer Tumourigenesis and Implications for Immunotherapy |
title_fullStr | The Genomic Landscape of Thyroid Cancer Tumourigenesis and Implications for Immunotherapy |
title_full_unstemmed | The Genomic Landscape of Thyroid Cancer Tumourigenesis and Implications for Immunotherapy |
title_short | The Genomic Landscape of Thyroid Cancer Tumourigenesis and Implications for Immunotherapy |
title_sort | genomic landscape of thyroid cancer tumourigenesis and implications for immunotherapy |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8147376/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34062862 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10051082 |
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